Mean points (± <i>SE</i>) allocated to each trait according to experimenter’s sex in Experiment 2.

<p>Within each “Experimenter’s Sex” group, means with different letters are significantly different from one another, as determined by Bonferroni-Holm post-hoc comparisons.</p

Mean points (± <i>SE</i>) allocated to each trait according to scenario in Experiment 1.

<p>Within each “Scenario” group, means with different letters are significantly different from one another, as determined by Bonferroni-Holm post-hoc comparisons.</p

Mean points (± <i>SE</i>) allocated to each trait according to participants’ sex in Experiment 2.

<p>Within each “Participant’s Sex” group, means with different letters are significantly different from one another, as determined by Bonferroni-Holm post-hoc comparisons.</p

Mean points (± <i>SE</i>) allocated to each trait according to participants’ sex and scenario in Experiment 1.

<p>Within each “Participant’s Sex x Scenario” group, means with different letters are significantly different from one another, as determined by Bonferroni-Holm post-hoc comparisons.</p

Experimental paradigm.

<p>The different phases of the experimental paradigm are reported along the time-line. Grey box corresponds to the time of tDCS stimulation, which included the encoding task (A: anodal stimulation; C: cathodal stimulation; S: sham stimulation).</p

Schematic time-line of events in each trial.

<p>All numbers indicate milliseconds relative to the turning on of the LED inside the box (time 0). In black, magnetic pulse delivered 150 milliseconds after stimulus presentation onset, while alternative delays of magnetic stimulation are depicted in light grey.</p

Graph representing normalized MEP data for three intrinsic hand muscles at the three timings studied (milliseconds from stimulus onset).

<p>From top to bottom of figure: opponens pollicis (OP), first dorsal interosseus (FDI), abductor digiti minimi (ADM). Dark grey histograms correspond to “object” condition, white histograms to “no-object” condition. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. Asterisks indicate significant differences in post-hoc comparisons (p<0.05).</p

Effects of different conditions on MEPs, recorded in a representative subject.

<p>Each panel shows superimposed the traces (n = 10) evoked from the indicated intrinsic hand muscle.</p

a. The set of objects presented.

<p>b. Schematic drawing depicting the adopted setup: 20-centimeter-sided square box (with an object inside) lying 40 cm in front of our subject. All the objects subtended a visual angle varying between 1° to 6° in width and height.</p