4,272 research outputs found
Real Output Costs of Financial Crises: A Loss Distribution Approach
We study cross-country GDP losses due to financial crises in terms of
frequency (number of loss events per period) and severity (loss per
occurrence). We perform the Loss Distribution Approach (LDA) to estimate a
multi-country aggregate GDP loss probability density function and the
percentiles associated to extreme events due to financial crises.
We find that output losses arising from financial crises are strongly
heterogeneous and that currency crises lead to smaller output losses than debt
and banking crises.
Extreme global financial crises episodes, occurring with a one percent
probability every five years, lead to losses between 2.95% and 4.54% of world
GDP.Comment: 31 pages, 10 figure
Directly Measuring the Tensor Structure of the Scalar Coupling to Gauge Bosons
Kinematic distributions in the decays of the newly discovered resonance to
four leptons can provide a direct measurement of the tensor structure of the
particle's couplings to gauge bosons. Even if the particle is shown to be a
parity even scalar, measuring this tensor structure is a necessary step in
determining if this particle is responsible for giving mass to the Z. We
consider a Standard Model like coupling as well as coupling via a dimension
five operator to either ZZ or Z\gamma. We show that using full kinematic
information from each event allows discrimination between renormalizable and
higher dimensional coupling to ZZ at the 95% confidence level with O(50) signal
events, and coupling to Z\gamma can be distinguished with as few as 20 signal
events. This shows that these measurements can be useful even with this year's
LHC data.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures; typos corrected, references adde
The Virtual Diphoton Excess
Interpreting the excesses around 750 GeV in the diphoton spectra to be the
signal of a new heavy scalar decaying to photons, we point out the possibility
of looking for correlated signals with virtual photons. In particular, we
emphasize that the effective operator that generates the diphoton decay will
also generate decays to two leptons and a photon, as well as to four leptons,
independently of the new resonance couplings to and . Depending
on the relative sizes of these effective couplings, we show that the virtual
diphoton component can make up a sizable, and sometimes dominant, contribution
to the total and partial widths. We also discuss
modifications to current experimental cuts in order to maximize the sensitivity
to these virtual photon effects. Finally, we briefly comment on prospects for
channels involving other Standard Model fermions as well as more exotic decay
possibilities of the putative resonance.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures; v2 figure 2 and references adde
Fundamental Principles and Rights At Work: Value, Viability, Incidence and Importance as Elements For Economic Progress and Social Justice
Working Paper prepared for the ILO by Maria Luz Vega Ruiz and Daniel Martinez, focusing on the rights at work in Latin America and the Caribbean
Golden Probe of the Top Yukuwa
We perform a preliminary study of the ability of the Higgs decay to four
leptons to shed light on the top quark Yukawa couplings. In particular we
examine whether the `golden channel' is sensitive to the
properties of the top quark couplings to the Higgs boson. We show that
kinematic distributions are sensitive to interference of the next-to-leading
order electroweak corrections with the tree level contribution. This
translates into a sensitivity to the top quark Yukawa couplings such that
meaningful constraints on their properties can begin to be obtained once
fb of data has been collected at TeV, with
significant improvements at higher luminosity or with a higher energy hadron
collider. This makes the channel a useful probe of the top quark
Yukawa couplings that is qualitatively different from already established
searches in two body decays, , and . We also
briefly discuss other potential possibilities for probing the top Yukawa
properties in and .Comment: references and footnote adde
Star polymers rupture induced by constant forces
In this work, we study the breakage process of an unknotted three-arm star-shaped polymer when it is pulled from its free ends by a constant force. The star polymer configuration is described through an array of monomers coupled by anharmonic bonds, while the rupture process is tracked in three-dimensional space by means of Langevin Molecular Dynamics simulations. The interaction between monomers is described by a Morse potential, while a Weeks-Chandler-Anderson energetic contribution accounts for the excluded volume interaction. We explore the effect of the molecular architecture on the distributions of rupture times over a broad interval of pulling forces and star configurations. It was found that the rupture time distribution of the individual star arms is strongly affected by the star configuration imposed by the pulling forces and the length of the arms. We also observed that for large pulling forces the rupture time distributions resemble the dominant features observed for linear polymer chains. The model introduced here provides the basic ingredients to describe the effects of tensile forces on stress-induced degradation of branched macromolecules and polymer networks.Fil: García, Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Física del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Física. Instituto de Física del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Febbo, Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Física del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Física. Instituto de Física del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Vega, Daniel Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Física del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Física. Instituto de Física del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Milchev, A.. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Bulgari
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