Agroproductive Evaluation of Maize (Zea mays L) and Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cultivated in Association, in Angonia, Mozambique

This research took place at the Center for Agricultural Research in Mozambique, on red ferrallitic soil, located at the Ntengo Umodzi Agronomy Post, Angonia District, Province of Tete, in 2012-2012. The aim was to evaluate agroproductivity indicators within a crop area of maize and beans in association. A randomized block experimental design was used, with 4 replicas and 5 treatments, consisting of maize plants, variety PAN 53; and beans, variety Diacol, in association, in 20 lots of 8 furrows each. Plant height was evaluated for the two crops. The number of kernels per ear and beans per pod were determined, along with the land equivalence ratio. SPSS 13.0 for Windows was used for statistical analysis of results, and normal distribution of each variable data was checked. Variance analysis was made as well. The Pearson correlation coefficient was performed through the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). The results showed no significant differences in terms of plant height and number of kernels per ears. The land equivalence ratio of the ass

Effect of Five Biostimulants on Sugar Cane Seedling Strengthening and Resistance to Transplantation

Context: The stress undergone by sugar cane during the seedling strengthening stage may be caused by various reasons, such as pest infestation, nutritional deficiencies, and mechanical damages due to manipulation that leads to the loss of genetic material. Objective: To evaluate the effect of five biostimulants on sugar cane seedling strengthening and resistance to transplantation. Methods: A completely randomized experimental design with six treatments (absolute control and samples with the application of azotobacter, phosphorine, improved natural liquid humus, and mineral-fortified liquid humus (BoCalZn)), and four repetitions, was used. The seedlings were placed on a 60-well tray filled with a mix of soil and filter cake. Seven foliar applications were made between days 7 and 56 following transplantation. Plant height and thickness, foliar area, root length, number of active roots, and fresh and dry weights were evaluated 50 days after. For evaluation of resistance to transplantation, the strengthened seedlings were placed in the field, and 45 days later, their survival percentage was determined. Results: The positive effects of the biostimulants applied were observed on the morphophysiological indicators. Conclusions: The application of biostimulants showed the positive effect on the morphophysiological indicators evaluated. The best transplantation resistance of the mineral-fortified liquid humus (BoCalZn) was observed in field conditions

Effect of Bio-Organic Alternatives in the Agronomic Response of Onion on Los Angeles Farm

Context: Onion (Allium cepa L.) is an edible bulb that ranks, as a green vegetable, third in terms of harvested area. In general terms, world production of this crop is made intensively, with a broad application of agrochemicals, which threatens agricultural sustainability, health, and protection of the environment. Aim: To evaluate the effect of bio-organic alternatives in the agronomic response of onion. Methods: A randomized block experimental design with seven treatments was used (absolute control and samples with natural liquid humus, improved liquid humus, fortified liquid humus, fortified liquid humus, plus Phosphoric inducer BayFolan Forte, FitoMas E), and four repetitions. The treatments were made every seven days, starting seven days after the plantation of bulbs. Plant height, pseudostem thickness, leaf number, bulb diameter, and crop yield were the indicators evaluated. The main economic indicators of each treatment were determined. Costs, income, profit, and economic effect were calculated. Results: The results show the positive effect of the morphophysiological and yield indicators related to the application of different bio-organic alternatives. The study produced greater profits than the control. Conclusions: The application of bio-organic alternatives showed a positive effect on the morphophysiological and yield indicators evaluated. The fortified liquid humus plus the phosphoric inducer showed the best results, producing the highest profits in the financial assessment

Effect of Five Biostimulants on Sugar Cane Seedling Strengthening and Resistance to Transplantation

Context: The stress undergone by sugar cane during the seedling strengthening stage may be caused by various reasons, such as pest infestation, nutritional deficiencies, and mechanical damages due to manipulation that leads to the loss of genetic material. Objective: To evaluate the effect of five biostimulants on sugar cane seedling strengthening and resistance to transplantation. Methods: A completely randomized experimental design with six treatments (absolute control and samples with the application of azotobacter, phosphorine, improved natural liquid humus, and mineral-fortified liquid humus (BoCalZn)), and four repetitions, was used. The seedlings were placed on a 60-well tray filled with a mix of soil and filter cake. Seven foliar applications were made between days 7 and 56 following transplantation. Plant height and thickness, foliar area, root length, number of active roots, and fresh and dry weights were evaluated 50 days after. For evaluation of resistance to transplantation, the strengthened seedlings were placed in the field, and 45 days later, their survival percentage was determined. Results: The positive effects of the biostimulants applied were observed on the morphophysiological indicators. Conclusions: The application of biostimulants showed the positive effect on the morphophysiological indicators evaluated. The best transplantation resistance of the mineral-fortified liquid humus (BoCalZn) was observed in field conditions

Efecto de cinco bioestimulantes en el fortalecimiento de posturas de caña de azúcar y su resistencia al trasplante

Context: The sugar cane plantlet stage undergoes stress during the strengthening period, which may be caused by various reasons: pest infestation, nutritional deficiencies, and mechanical damages due to manipulation, which bring about the loss of genetic material. Objective: To evaluate the effect of five bio stimulants on sugar cane seedlings strengthening and resistance to transplantation. Methods: A completely randomized experimental design with six treatments (absolute control and samples with the application of azotobacter, phosphorine, improved natural liquid humus, and mineral-fortified liquid humus (BoCalZn)), and four repetitions, was applied. The seedlings were placed on a 60-well tray filled with a mix of soil and filter cake. Seven foliar applications were made between 7 and 56 days following transplantation. Plant height and thickness, foliar area, root length, number of active roots, and fresh and dry weights were evaluated 50 days after. For evaluation of resistance to transplantation, the strengthened plantlets were placed in field conditions, and after 45 days their survival percentage was determined. Results: The positive effect of biostimulant application was observed on the morphophysiological indicators. Conclusions: The application of biostimulants showed the positive effect on the morphophysiological indicators evaluated. The best results in resistance to transplantation of the mineral-fortified liquid humus (BoCalZn) were observed in field conditions.Contexto: La etapa de posturas de la caña de azúcar sufre de estrés en su periodo de fortalecimiento, que puede estar ocasionado por varias causas: afectación por plagas, deficiencias nutricionales y daños mecánicos producto a su manipulación; lo que trae consigo pérdida de material genético en esta etapa. Objetivo: Con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de cinco bioestimulantes en el fortalecimiento de posturas de caña de azúcar y su resistencia al trasplante. Métodos: Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente aleatorizado con seis tratamientos (testigo absoluto y muestras con aplicación de azotobacter, fosforina, humus líquido natural, humus líquido mejorado y humus líquido fortificado con minerales (BoCalZn)) y cuatro réplicas. Se plantaron las posturas, en bandeja plástica de 60 alveolos rellenos con un sustrato compuesto por suelo y cachaza. Se realizaron siete aplicaciones foliares a partir de los siete y hasta los 56 días posteriores al trasplante. A los 50 días se evaluaron los indicadores morfofisiológicos altura y grosor de la planta, área foliar, longitud de raíces, número de raíces activas y el peso fresco y seco de la planta. Para evaluar la resistencia al trasplante las posturas fortalecidas fueron plantadas en condiciones de campo, donde a los 45 días posteriores se determinó el porcentaje de supervivencia de las mismas. Resultados: Los resultados muestran en los indicadores morfofisiológicos el efecto positivo de la aplicación de bioestimulantes. Conclusiones: La aplicación de bioestimulantes mostró un efecto positivo en los indicadores morfofisiológicos evaluados. El humus líquido fortalecido con minerales (BoCalZn) alcanzó los mejores resultados de resistencia al trasplante en condiciones de campo

Efecto de cinco bioestimulantes en el fortalecimiento de posturas de caña de azúcar y su resistencia al trasplante.

Contexto: La etapa de posturas de la caña de azúcar sufre de estrés en su periodo de fortalecimiento, que puede estar ocasionado por varias causas: afectación por plagas, deficiencias nutricionales y daños mecánicos producto a su manipulación; lo que trae consigo pérdida de material genético en esta etapa. Objetivo: Con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de cinco bioestimulantes en el fortalecimiento de posturas de caña de azúcar y su resistencia al trasplante. Métodos: Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente aleatorizado con seis tratamientos (testigo absoluto y muestras con aplicación de azotobacter, fosforina, humus líquido natural, humus líquido mejorado y humus líquido fortificado con minerales (BoCalZn)) y cuatro réplicas. Se plantaron las posturas, en bandeja plástica de 60 alveolos rellenos con un sustrato compuesto por suelo y cachaza. Se realizaron siete aplicaciones foliares a partir de los siete y hasta los 56 días posteriores al trasplante. A los 50 días se evaluaron los indicadores morfofisiológicos altura y grosor de la planta, área foliar, longitud de raíces, número de raíces activas y el peso fresco y seco de la planta. Para evaluar la resistencia al trasplante las posturas fortalecidas fueron plantadas en condiciones de campo, donde a los 45 días posteriores se determinó el porcentaje de supervivencia de las mismas. Resultados: Los resultados muestran en los indicadores morfofisiológicos el efecto positivo de la aplicación de bioestimulantes. Conclusiones: La aplicación de bioestimulantes mostró un efecto positivo en los indicadores morfofisiológicos evaluados. El humus líquido fortalecido con minerales (BoCalZn) alcanzó los mejores resultados de resistencia al trasplante en condiciones de campo

Evaluación agroproductiva de un área de cultivo asociado de maíz (Zea mays l.) y frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris l.) en Angónia. Mozambique.

La investigación fue realizada en el Instituto de Investigación Agraria de Mozambique, localizado en el puesto Agronómico de Ntengo Umodzi, Distrito de Angónia, Provincia de Tete,  sobre un suelo Ferralítico Rojo, en el período 2012-2013, con el objetivo de evaluar indicadores de agroproductividad de un área de cultivos asociados de maíz y frijol. El diseño experimental utilizado fue en bloques al azar con 4 réplicas y 5 tratamientos, constituidos por la combinación de plantas de maíz variedad PAN 53 y de frijol variedad Diacol Calima, con un total de 20 parcelas con 8 surcos. Se valoró la altura de la planta para ambos cultivos. Se determinó, numero de granos por mazorca para el maíz y numero de granos por vaina para el frijol y el índice equivalente de tierra. El procesamiento estadístico de los resultados se desarrolló con el empleo de SPSS versión 13.0, se comprobó la distribución normal de los datos en cada variable, se realizó análisis de varianza. Los resultados muestran que no existieron diferencias significativas en cuanto, altura de la planta y número de granos / mazorcas. En cuanto al índice equivalente del área, la asociación fue eficiente para todos los tratamientos de maíz con frijol con una ventaja de 61% sobre los monocultivos.ABSTRACTThis research took place at the Center for Agricultural Research in Mozambique, on red ferrallitic soil, located at the Ntengo Umodzi Agronomy Post, Angonia District, Province of Tete, in 2012-2012. The aim was to evaluate agroproductivity indicators within a crop area associated to maize and beans. An experimental randomized block design was used, with 4 replicas and 5 treatments, made of a combination of maize plants, variety PAN 53, and beans, variety Diacol Calima, on 20 lots of 8 rows. Plant height was evaluated for the two crops. The number of kernels per ear and beans per pod were determined, along with the land equivalent ratio. SPSS 13.0 for Windows was used for statistical analysis of results, and normal distribution of each variable data was checked. Variance analysis was made as well.. The results showed no significant differences in terms of plant height and number of kernels per ears. The land equivalent ratio of the associated area was efficient for all the bean treatments, with a 61% advantage over mono-crops

Evaluación agroproductiva de un área de cultivo asociado de maíz (Zea mays l.) y frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris l.) en Angónia. Mozambique.

La investigación fue realizada en el Instituto de Investigación Agraria de Mozambique, localizado en el puesto Agronómico de Ntengo Umodzi, Distrito de Angónia, Provincia de Tete,  sobre un suelo Ferralítico Rojo, en el período 2012-2013, con el objetivo de evaluar indicadores de agroproductividad de un área de cultivos asociados de maíz y frijol. El diseño experimental utilizado fue en bloques al azar con 4 réplicas y 5 tratamientos, constituidos por la combinación de plantas de maíz variedad PAN 53 y de frijol variedad Diacol Calima, con un total de 20 parcelas con 8 surcos. Se valoró la altura de la planta para ambos cultivos. Se determinó, numero de granos por mazorca para el maíz y numero de granos por vaina para el frijol y el índice equivalente de tierra. El procesamiento estadístico de los resultados se desarrolló con el empleo de SPSS versión 13.0, se comprobó la distribución normal de los datos en cada variable, se realizó análisis de varianza. Los resultados muestran que no existieron diferencias significativas en cuanto, altura de la planta y número de granos / mazorcas. En cuanto al índice equivalente del área, la asociación fue eficiente para todos los tratamientos de maíz con frijol con una ventaja de 61% sobre los monocultivos.ABSTRACTThis research took place at the Center for Agricultural Research in Mozambique, on red ferrallitic soil, located at the Ntengo Umodzi Agronomy Post, Angonia District, Province of Tete, in 2012-2012. The aim was to evaluate agroproductivity indicators within a crop area associated to maize and beans. An experimental randomized block design was used, with 4 replicas and 5 treatments, made of a combination of maize plants, variety PAN 53, and beans, variety Diacol Calima, on 20 lots of 8 rows. Plant height was evaluated for the two crops. The number of kernels per ear and beans per pod were determined, along with the land equivalent ratio. SPSS 13.0 for Windows was used for statistical analysis of results, and normal distribution of each variable data was checked. Variance analysis was made as well.. The results showed no significant differences in terms of plant height and number of kernels per ears. The land equivalent ratio of the associated area was efficient for all the bean treatments, with a 61% advantage over mono-crops

Evaluación agroproductiva de un área de cultivo asociado de maíz (Zea mays l.) y frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris l.) en Angónia. Mozambique.

La investigación fue realizada en el Instituto de Investigación Agraria de Mozambique, localizado en el puesto Agronómico de Ntengo Umodzi, Distrito de Angónia, Provincia de Tete,  sobre un suelo Ferralítico Rojo, en el período 2012-2013, con el objetivo de evaluar indicadores de agroproductividad de un área de cultivos asociados de maíz y frijol. El diseño experimental utilizado fue en bloques al azar con 4 réplicas y 5 tratamientos, constituidos por la combinación de plantas de maíz variedad PAN 53 y de frijol variedad Diacol Calima, con un total de 20 parcelas con 8 surcos. Se valoró la altura de la planta para ambos cultivos. Se determinó, numero de granos por mazorca para el maíz y numero de granos por vaina para el frijol y el índice equivalente de tierra. El procesamiento estadístico de los resultados se desarrolló con el empleo de SPSS versión 13.0, se comprobó la distribución normal de los datos en cada variable, se realizó análisis de varianza. Los resultados muestran que no existieron diferencias significativas en cuanto, altura de la planta y número de granos / mazorcas. En cuanto al índice equivalente del área, la asociación fue eficiente para todos los tratamientos de maíz con frijol con una ventaja de 61% sobre los monocultivos.ABSTRACTThis research took place at the Center for Agricultural Research in Mozambique, on red ferrallitic soil, located at the Ntengo Umodzi Agronomy Post, Angonia District, Province of Tete, in 2012-2012. The aim was to evaluate agroproductivity indicators within a crop area associated to maize and beans. An experimental randomized block design was used, with 4 replicas and 5 treatments, made of a combination of maize plants, variety PAN 53, and beans, variety Diacol Calima, on 20 lots of 8 rows. Plant height was evaluated for the two crops. The number of kernels per ear and beans per pod were determined, along with the land equivalent ratio. SPSS 13.0 for Windows was used for statistical analysis of results, and normal distribution of each variable data was checked. Variance analysis was made as well.. The results showed no significant differences in terms of plant height and number of kernels per ears. The land equivalent ratio of the associated area was efficient for all the bean treatments, with a 61% advantage over mono-crops

Agroproductive Evaluation of Maize (Zea mays L) and Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cultivated in Association, in Angonia, Mozambique

This research took place at the Center for Agricultural Research in Mozambique, on red ferrallitic soil, located at the Ntengo Umodzi Agronomy Post, Angonia District, Province of Tete, in 20122012. The aim was to evaluate agroproductivity indicators within a crop area of maize and beans in association. A randomized block experimental design was used, with 4 replicas and 5 treatments, consisting of maize plants, variety PAN 53; and beans, variety Diacol, in association, in 20 lots of 8 furrows each. Plant height was evaluated for the two crops. The number of kernels per ear and beans per pod were determined, along with the land equivalence ratio. SPSS 13.0 for Windows was used for statistical analysis of results, and normal distribution of each variable data was checked. Variance analysis was made as well. The Pearson correlation coefficient was performed through the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). The results showed no significant differences in terms of plant height and number of kernels per ears. The land equivalence ratio of the associated area was efficient for all the bean treatments, with a 61% advantage over monocrops