Atopic Dermatitis and Erythrodermia Associated With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report

La eritrodermia es una dermatosis inflamatoria que involucra capas parciales o totales de la piel. La mortalidad es del 16%. Los síntomas sistémicos incluyen fiebre, taquicardia, hinchazón de las extremidades, adenomegalia y hepatomegalia. Las causas infecciosas son las más frecuentes, estando presentes hasta en un 40%, seguidas de ictiosis y dermatitis en el 15% de los casos

Compromising between European and US allergen immunotherapy schools: Discussions from GUIMIT, the Mexican immunotherapy guidelines

Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has a longstanding history and still remains the only disease-changing treatment for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Over the years 2 different schools have developed their strategies: the United States (US) and the European. Allergen extracts available in these regions are adapted to local practice. In other parts of the world, extracts from both regions and local ones are commercialized, as in Mexico. Here, local experts developed a national AIT guideline (GUIMIT 2019) searching for compromises between both schools. Methods: Using ADAPTE methodology for transculturizing guidelines and AGREE-II for evaluating guideline quality, GUIMIT selected 3 high-quality Main Reference Guidelines (MRGs): the European Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (EAACI) guideines, the S2k guideline of various German-speaking medical societies (2014), and the US Practice Parameters on Allergen Immunotherapy 2011. We formulated clinical questions and based responses on the fused evidence available in the MRGs, combined with local possibilities, patient's preference, and costs. We came across several issues on which the MRGs disagreed. These are presented here along with arguments of GUIMIT members to resolve them. GUIMIT (for a complete English version, see Supplementary data) concluded the following: Results: Related to the diagnosis of IgE-mediated respiratory allergy, apart from skin prick testing complementary tests (challenges, in vitro testing and molecular such as species-specific allergens) might be useful in selected cases to inform AIT composition. AIT is indicated in allergic rhinitis and suggested in allergic asthma (once controlled) and IgE-mediated atopic dermatitis. Concerning the correct subcutaneous AIT dose for compounding vials according to the US school: dosing tables and formula are given; up to 4 non-related allergens can be mixed, refraining from mixing high with low protease extracts. When using European extracts: the manufacturer's indications should be followed; in multi-allergic patients 2 simultaneous injections can be given (100% consensus); mixing is discouraged. In Mexico only allergoid tablets are available; based on doses used in all sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) publications referenced in MRGs, GUIMIT suggests a probable effective dose related to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) might be: 50–200% of the monthly SCIT dose given daily, maximum mixing 4 allergens. Also, a table with practical suggestions on non-evidence-existing issues, developed with a simplified Delphi method, is added. Finally, dissemination and implementation of guidelines is briefly discussed, explaining how we used online tools for this in Mexico. Conclusions: Countries where European and American AIT extracts are available should adjust AIT according to which school is followed

Crystal structure of 1-mesityl-3-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-3-ium iodide

In the cation of the title salt, C18H20N3+·I−, the mesityl and phenyl rings are inclined to the central triazolium ring by 61.39 (16) and 30.99 (16)°, respectively, and to one another by 37.75 (15)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked via C—H...I hydrogen bonds, forming slabs parallel to the ab plane. Within the slabs there are weak π–π interactions present involving the mesityl and phenyl rings [inter-centroid distances are 3.8663 (18) and 3.8141 (18) Å]

Diagnóstico de actitudes de aceptación de la violación (RSAS) en estudiantes de nuevo ingreso en la US

Esta investigación sirve para conocer y estudiar el grado de aceptación de la violación que tiene el alumnado de nuevo ingreso de la Universidad de Sevilla. Es un estudio basado en el modelo piramidal de Bosch-Fiol y Ferrer-Pérez (2019). Se estudian aspectos relacionados con la violencia afectivo sexual contra las mujeres. La metodología es cuantitativa, de corte correlacional y descriptivo, con una muestra de 696 alumnos. El instrumento de investigación que se ha utilizado es la adaptación que hizo Sierra, Rojas, Ortega y Martín (2007) de la escala de Lottes (1991) y la Batería de evaluación afectivo-sexual (García-Pérez, Rebollo-Catalán y De la Mata, 2019). El resultado principal observable es que aún existe un cierto porcentaje de alumnos de nuevo ingreso que aceptan la violación hacia la mujer. Para concluir, se proponen ideas conclusivas y pautas de intervención para erradicar esta problemática.This research help us get to know and study the acceptance degree of rape between the new students in Universidad de Sevilla. It is a study based on the pyramidal model of Bosch- Fiol and Ferrer-Pérez (2019). Aspects related to sexual affective violence against women are studied. The methodology is quantitative, correlational and descriptive, with a sample of 696 students. The research instrument used is an adaptation made by Sierra, Rojas, Ortega and Martín (2007) of the Lottes scale (1991) and the Affective-Sexual Evaluation Battery (García-Pérez, Rebollo-Catalán and De la Mata,2019). The main observable result is that there is still a certain percentage of new students who accept rape against women. To conclude, conclusive ideas and intervention guidelines are proposed to erradicate this problem.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Pedagogí

Synthesis of New bis-furanyl-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-ones via the Ugi-Zhu Reaction and Docking Studies on the Main Protease (MPro) from SARS-CoV-2

The synthesis of five new bis-furanyl-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-ones in 30 to 40% yields through a domino sequence based on the Ugi-Zhu three-component reaction is described. Then, on the main protease MPro (PDB: 6lu7) from the SARS-CoV-2, the synthesized products and co-crystallized ligands of MPro were in silico evaluated using the docking technique, finding moderate to good binding energies and some interesting interactions, demonstrating that the ligand 8c can be considered as a drug candidate against the SARS-CoV-2-MPro due to its LE value (−5.96 kcal/mol), which is better than other synthesized and reported molecules in the literature. At the same time, hydrophobic interactions play a crucial role in the ligand target molecular couplings, demonstrated through a hydrophobicity surfaces analysis. Finally, 8a and 8b can also be considered as drug candidates. Thus, some synthesized bis-furanyl-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-ones may be used for further in vitro assays against the virus

2-Benzyl-7-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-morpholino-6-((1-phenyl-1<i>H</i>-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)-6,7-dihydro-5<i>H</i>-pyrrolo[3,4-<i>b</i>]pyridin-5-one

The new polyheterocyclic compound, 2-benzyl-7-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-morpholino-6-((1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-one, was synthesized by a sequential combination of 4-chlorobenzaldehyde, (1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methanamine, 2-isocyano-1-morpholino-3-phenylpropan-1-one, and maleic anhydride under a microwave-assisted one-pot process [Ugi-Zhu/aza Diels-Alder cycloaddition/N-acylation/decarboxylation/dehydration] with a 28% overall yield. The synthesized compound was fully characterized by 1D (1H, 13C) and 2D (COSY, HSQC, and HMBC) NMR, FT-IR, and HRMS

Synthesis, Characterization, and Intrinsic Dissolution Studies of Drug–Drug Eutectic Solid Forms of Metformin Hydrochloride and Thiazide Diuretics

The mechanochemical synthesis of drug–drug solid forms containing metformin hydrochloride (MET·HCl) and thiazide diuretics hydrochlorothiazide (HTZ) or chlorothiazide (CTZ) is reported. Characterization of these new systems indicates formation of binary eutectic conglomerates, i.e., drug–drug eutectic solids (DDESs). Further analysis by construction of binary diagrams (DSC screening) exhibited the characteristic V-shaped form indicating formation of DDESs in both cases. These new DDESs were further characterized by different techniques, including thermal analysis (DSC), solid state NMR spectroscopy (SSNMR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (SEM–EDS). In addition, intrinsic dissolution rate experiments and solubility assays were performed. In the case of MET·HCl-HTZ (χMET·HCl = 0.66), we observed a slight enhancement in the dissolution properties compared with pure HTZ (1.21-fold). The same analysis for the solid forms of MET·HCl-CTZ (χMET·HCl = 0.33 and 0.5) showed an enhancement in the dissolved amount of CTZ accompanied by a slight improvement in solubility. From these dissolution profiles and saturation solubility studies and by comparing the thermodynamic parameters (ΔHfus and ΔSfus) of the pure drugs with these new solid forms, it can be observed that there was a limited modification in these properties, not modifying the free energy of the solution (ΔG) and thus not allowing an improvement in the dissolution and solubility properties of these solid forms

Mechanochemistry: A Green Approach in the Preparation of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals

Mechanochemistry is considered an alternative attractive greener approach to prepare diverse molecular compounds and has become an important synthetic tool in different fields (e.g., physics, chemistry, and material science) since is considered an ecofriendly procedure that can be carried out under solvent free conditions or in the presence of minimal quantities of solvent (catalytic amounts). Being able to substitute, in many cases, classical solution reactions often requiring significant amounts of solvents. These sustainable methods have had an enormous impact on a great variety of chemistry fields, including catalysis, organic synthesis, metal complexes formation, preparation of multicomponent pharmaceutical solid forms, etc. In this sense, we are interested in highlighting the advantages of mechanochemical methods on the obtaining of pharmaceutical cocrystals. Hence, in this review, we describe and discuss the relevance of mechanochemical procedures in the formation of multicomponent solid forms focusing on pharmaceutical cocrystals. Additionally, at the end of this paper, we collect a chronological survey of the most representative scientific papers reporting the mechanochemical synthesis of cocrystals