Effects of Short-Term Continuous Montmorency Tart Cherry Juice Supplementation in Participants with Metabolic Syndrome

© 2020 Springer-Verlag. The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02355-5Purpose: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) augments the incidence of cardiovascular disease by two-fold and type II diabetes mellitus by five-fold. Montmorency tart cherries are rich in phytochemicals shown to improve biomarkers related to cardio-metabolic health in humans. This study aimed to examine cardio-metabolic responses after 7-days Montmorency tart cherry juice (MTCJ) supplementation and also acute on short-term supplementation responses to a single bolus, in humans with MetS. Methods: In a randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, 12 participants with MetS (50 ± 10 years; 6M/6F), consumed MTCJ or placebo (PLA) for 7 days. Blood-based and functional cardio-metabolic biomarkers were measured pre- and post-supplementation, and acute responses measured pre-bolus and up to 5 h post-bolus on the 7th day. Results: 24-h ambulatory systolic (P = 0.016), diastolic (P = 0.009) blood pressure and mean arterial pressure (P = 0.041) were significantly lower after 7-days MTCJ supplementation compared to PLA. Glucose (P = 0.038), total cholesterol (P = 0.036), LDL (P = 0.023) concentrations, total cholesterol:HDL ratio (P = 0.004) and respiratory exchange ratio values (P = 0.009) were significantly lower after 6-days MTCJ consumption compared to PLA. Conclusions: This study revealed for the first time in humans that MTCJ significantly improved 24-h BP, fasting glucose, total cholesterol and total cholesterol:HDL ratio, and also lowered resting respiratory exchange ratio compared to a control group. Responses demonstrated clinically relevant improvements on aspects of cardio-metabolic function, emphasising the potential efficacy of MTCJ in preventing further cardio-metabolic dysregulation in participants with MetS. Registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03619941).Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Effect of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on inflammatory markers in health and disease status: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

The current systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effect of probiotic/synbiotic on a wide range of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers in healthy and various disease conditions. PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases were searched. All clinical trials which investigated the effect of oral administration of probiotic or synbiotic on inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α, interferon (IFN) γ and transforming growth factor (TGF) β) for more than one week with concurrent control groups were included. One-hundred sixty seven publications was analysed. Results were as follows: CRP decreased in healthy, metabolic disorders, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), arthritis and critically ill condition but not in renal failure. IL-1B: no change in healthy subjects and arthritis. TNF-α: decreased in healthy, fatty liver, IBD and hepatic cirrhosis, no change in diabetes, metabolic syndrome (MS) + PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) and arthritis. IL-6: no change in healthy, metabolic disorders and arthritis, increased in cirrhosis and renal failure, decreased in PCOS + MS. IL-10: no change in healthy, IBD and metabolic disorders, increased in arthritis. IL-4, IL-8, IL-12, IFN-g and TGF-b: no change in healthy subjects. In conclusion, probiotic/synbiotic decreased some of the inflammatory markers. The intervention was most effective in CRP and TNF-α reduction in healthy or disease state. Moreover, the intervention decreased inflammation most effectively in the following disease conditions, respectively: IBD, arthritis, fatty liver. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018088688. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolis

Effect of omega-3 fatty acid plus vitamin E Co-Supplementation on oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background & aims: The impact of combined omega-3 FAs and vitamin E supplementation on oxidative stress (OS) has been evaluated in several studies. However the results are inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the role of omega-3 FAplus vitamin E on anti-oxidant and OS parameters. Methods: We searched five databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences, Scopus and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from inception until March 15th 2018 for RCT covering OS parameters combined with omega-3 FAs and vitamin E. The effect of omega-3 FAs plus vitamin E combination on OS factors was determined as the standardized mean difference (SMD) calculated according to DerSimonian and Laird for the random effects model. Results: Nine articles were included in our analyses, significant improvements were observed in trials supplementing with omega-3 FAs plus vitamin E vs placebo for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD=0.63, 95CI: 0.31 to 0.95, P<0.001) and nitric oxide (NO) (SMD=0.55, 95CI: 0.23 to 0.87, P<0.001). Significant reduction was observed for malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD: �0.48, 95CI: �0.68 to �0.28, P<0.001). However, the results of meta-analysis did not show a significant difference in levels of glutathione (GSH) (SMD=0.34, 95CI: �0.07 to 0.75, P=0.10), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (SMD: 0.07, 95 CI: �0.58 to 0.73, P=0.82) and Catalase (CAT) activity (SMD: 0.74, 95 CI: �0.30 to 1.79, P=0.16). Conclusion: Co-supplementation with omega-3 FAs and vitamin E increases the levels of NO and TAC, while MDA levels decrease compared to placebo. However, the results showed no significant alterations on GSH concentrations, CAT, and SOD activities. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolis

Effect of omega-3 fatty acid plus vitamin E Co-Supplementation on oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background & aims: The impact of combined omega-3 FAs and vitamin E supplementation on oxidative stress (OS) has been evaluated in several studies. However the results are inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the role of omega-3 FAplus vitamin E on anti-oxidant and OS parameters. Methods: We searched five databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences, Scopus and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from inception until March 15th 2018 for RCT covering OS parameters combined with omega-3 FAs and vitamin E. The effect of omega-3 FAs plus vitamin E combination on OS factors was determined as the standardized mean difference (SMD) calculated according to DerSimonian and Laird for the random effects model. Results: Nine articles were included in our analyses, significant improvements were observed in trials supplementing with omega-3 FAs plus vitamin E vs placebo for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD=0.63, 95CI: 0.31 to 0.95, P<0.001) and nitric oxide (NO) (SMD=0.55, 95CI: 0.23 to 0.87, P<0.001). Significant reduction was observed for malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD: �0.48, 95CI: �0.68 to �0.28, P<0.001). However, the results of meta-analysis did not show a significant difference in levels of glutathione (GSH) (SMD=0.34, 95CI: �0.07 to 0.75, P=0.10), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (SMD: 0.07, 95 CI: �0.58 to 0.73, P=0.82) and Catalase (CAT) activity (SMD: 0.74, 95 CI: �0.30 to 1.79, P=0.16). Conclusion: Co-supplementation with omega-3 FAs and vitamin E increases the levels of NO and TAC, while MDA levels decrease compared to placebo. However, the results showed no significant alterations on GSH concentrations, CAT, and SOD activities. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolis

Coenzyme Q10 supplementation and oxidative stress parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

Purpose: Oxidative stress (OS) is associated with several chronic complications and diseases. The use of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) as an adjuvant treatment with routine clinical therapy against metabolic diseases has shown to be beneficial. However, the impact of CoQ10 as a preventive agent against OS has not been systematically investigated. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases to identify randomized clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of CoQ10 supplementation on OS parameters. Standard mean differences and 95 confidence intervals were calculated for net changes in OS parameters using a random-effects model. Results: Seventeen randomized clinical trials met the eligibility criteria to be included in the meta-analysis. Overall, CoQ10 supplementation was associated with a statistically significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD � 0.94; 95 CI � 1.46, � 0.41; I2 = 87.7) and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD 0.67; 95 CI 0.28, 1.07; I2 = 74.9) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (SMD 0.40; 95 CI 1.12, 0.67; I2 = 9.6). The meta-analysis found no statistically significant impact of CoQ10 supplementation on nitric oxide (NO) (SMD � 1.40; 95 CI � 0.12, 1.93; I2 = 92.6), glutathione (GSH) levels (SMD 0.41; 95 CI � 0.09, 0.91; I2 = 70.0), catalase (CAT) activity (SMD 0.36; 95 CI � 0.46, 1.18; I2 = 90.0), or glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities (SMD � 1.40; 95 CI: � 0.12, 1.93; I2 = 92.6). Conclusion: CoQ10 supplementation, in the tested range of doses, was shown to reduce MDA concentrations, and increase TAC and antioxidant defense system enzymes. However, there were no significant effects of CoQ10 on NO, GSH concentrations, or CAT activity. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature