Visualization 2: Intraoperative measurement of bowel oxygen saturation using a multispectral imaging laparoscope

Variation of small bowel StO2 over time during clamping and unclamping of the mesenteric arcade. Originally published in Biomedical Optics Express on 01 October 2015 (boe-6-10-4179

Visualization 3: Intraoperative measurement of bowel oxygen saturation using a multispectral imaging laparoscope

Variation of small bowel StO2 over time during euthanasia of porcine subject. Originally published in Biomedical Optics Express on 01 October 2015 (boe-6-10-4179

Spatio-temporal Classification for Polyp Diagnosis - supplementary material.mp4

Visual examples of the type of video clips used in the paper called "Spatio-temporal Classification for Polyp Diagnosis". These are short videos of polyps to be classified as adenomas or non-adenomas

Media 2: Multispectral image alignment using a three channel endoscope in vivo during minimally invasive surgery

Originally published in Biomedical Optics Express on 01 October 2012 (boe-3-10-2567

Media 1: Multispectral image alignment using a three channel endoscope in vivo during minimally invasive surgery

Originally published in Biomedical Optics Express on 01 October 2012 (boe-3-10-2567

Media 3: Multispectral image alignment using a three channel endoscope in vivo during minimally invasive surgery

Originally published in Biomedical Optics Express on 01 October 2012 (boe-3-10-2567

Data Sheet 1_Autonomous surgical robotic systems and the liability dilemma.pdf

BackgroundAdvances in machine learning and robotics have allowed the development of increasingly autonomous robotic systems which are able to make decisions and learn from experience. This distribution of decision-making away from human supervision poses a legal challenge for determining liability.MethodsThe iRobotSurgeon survey aimed to explore public opinion towards the issue of liability with robotic surgical systems. The survey included five hypothetical scenarios where a patient comes to harm and the respondent needs to determine who they believe is most responsible: the surgeon, the robot manufacturer, the hospital, or another party.ResultsA total of 2,191 completed surveys were gathered evaluating 10,955 individual scenario responses from 78 countries spanning 6 continents. The survey demonstrated a pattern in which participants were sensitive to shifts from fully surgeon-controlled scenarios to scenarios in which robotic systems played a larger role in decision-making such that surgeons were blamed less. However, there was a limit to this shift with human surgeons still being ascribed blame in scenarios of autonomous robotic systems where humans had no role in decision-making. Importantly, there was no clear consensus among respondents where to allocate blame in the case of harm occurring from a fully autonomous system.ConclusionsThe iRobotSurgeon Survey demonstrated a dilemma among respondents on who to blame when harm is caused by a fully autonomous surgical robotic system. Importantly, it also showed that the surgeon is ascribed blame even when they have had no role in decision-making which adds weight to concerns that human operators could act as “moral crumple zones” and bear the brunt of legal responsibility when a complex autonomous system causes harm.</p