683 research outputs found
Spin and energy correlations in the one dimensional spin 1/2 Heisenberg model
In this paper, we study the spin and energy dynamic correlations of the one
dimensional spin 1/2 Heisenberg model, using mostly exact diagonalization
numerical techniques. In particular, observing that the uniform spin and energy
currents decay to finite values at long times, we argue for the absence of spin
and energy diffusion in the easy plane anisotropic Heisenberg model.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, gzipped postscrip
The Smallest Molecular Switch
Ab-initio total energy calculations reveal benzene-dithiolate (BDT) molecules
on a gold surface, contacted by a monoatomic gold STM tip to have two classes
of low energy conformations with differing symmetries. Lateral motion of the
tip or excitation of the molecule cause it to change from one conformation
class to the other and to switch between a strongly and a weakly conducting
state. Thus, surprisingly, despite their apparent simplicity these Au/BDT/Au
nanowires are shown to be electrically bi-stable switches, the smallest
two-terminal molecular switches to date. Experiments with a conventional or
novel self-assembled STM are proposed to test these predictions.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure
Dynamical Structure Factors for Dimerized Spin Systems
We discuss the transition strength between the disordered ground state and
the basic low-lying triplet excitation for interacting dimer materials by
presenting theoretical calculations and series expansions as well as inelastic
neutron scattering results for the material KCuCl_3. We describe in detail the
features resulting from the presence of two differently oriented dimers per
unit cell and show how energies and spectral weights of the resulting two modes
are related to each other. We present results from the perturbation expansion
in the interdimer interaction strength and thus demonstrate that the wave
vector dependence of the simple dimer approximation is modified in higher
orders. Explicit results are given in 10th order for dimers coupled in 1D, and
in 2nd order for dimers coupled in 3D with application to KCuCl_3 and TlCuCl_3.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figures, part 2 is based on cond-mat/021133
Multicritical crossovers near the dilute Bose gas quantum critical point
Many zero temperature transitions, involving the deviation in the value of a
conserved charge from a quantized value, are described by the dilute
Bose gas quantum critical point. On such transitions, we study the consequences
of perturbations which break the symmetry down to in spatial
dimensions. For the case , , we obtain exact, finite temperature,
multicritical crossover functions by a mapping to an integrable lattice model.Comment: 10 pages, REVTEX 3.0, 2 EPS figure
Universal properties of thermal and electrical conductivity of gauge theory plasmas from holography
We propose that for conformal field theories admitting gravity duals, the
thermal conductivity is fixed by the central charges in a universal manner.
Though we do not have a proof as yet, we have checked our proposal against
several examples. This proposal, if correct, allows us to express electrical
conductivity in terms of thermodynamical quantities even in the presence of
chemical potential.Comment: 13 pages, appendix added, close to journal versio
Teen Distracted Reality an Interactive Virtual Education (D.R.I.V.E.): Experience and Impact on Teenage Drivers
Introduction: In 2013, 2,163 teens in the United States ages 16–19 were killed and 243,243 were treated in emergency departments for injuries from motor vehicle crashes. distracted driving (i.e. texting, loud music, or phone conversations) and impaired driving (driving under the influence) play a role in these motor vehicle crashes. Prevention efforts aimed at high-risk teenager driving behavior may encourage safe driving habits.
Methods: The Teen D.R.I.V.E. program is a mobile driving simulator that provides teenagers with distracted and impaired driving scenarios. We administered anonymous surveys from April 2015-April 2016 to obtain demographic data and evaluate the program’s impact on their driving behavior. We retrospectively analyzed survey responses using univariate and multivariate statistical analysis.
Results: A total of 1374 participants in the survey, however, 50 did not respond to the driving experience portion of the survey. Most participants (70%) were between 16-17 years of age years old and 51% were males. A majority (76%) of respondents had driving experience (26% permit, and 46% license) or had attended a driver’s education course (67%). After experiencing the simulation respondents felt that the consequences of driving distracted (53%) and driving impaired (61%) were worse than previously expected. In addition, participants said that they would never drive distracted (70%) or drive impaired (90%). A majority of participants (72%) feel that simulation is the most effective way to teach driving related topics.
Conclusion: Teen D.R.I.V.E. offers a valuable experience to teenagers, teaching them about the dangers of driving distracted and impaired. Participants are likely to never drive impaired compared or distracted. Most teenagers feel simulation teaches these driving lessons most effectively
The fractional quantum Hall effect in infinite layer systems
Stacked two dimensional electron systems in transverse magnetic fields
exhibit three dimensional fractional quantum Hall phases. We analyze the
simplest such phases and find novel bulk properties, e.g., irrational braiding.
These phases host ``one and a half'' dimensional surface phases in which motion
in one direction is chiral. We offer a general analysis of conduction in the
latter by combining sum rule and renormalization group arguments, and find that
when interlayer tunneling is marginal or irrelevant they are chiral semi-metals
that conduct only at T > 0 or with disorder.Comment: RevTeX 3.0, 4p., 2 figs with epsf; reference to the detailed
companion paper cond-mat/0006506 adde
Temperature dependence of single particle excitations in a S=1 chain: exact diagonalization calculations compared to neutron scattering experiments
Exact diagonalization calculations of finite antiferromagnetic spin-1
Heisenberg chains at finite temperatures are presented and compared to a recent
inelastic neutron scattering experiment for temperatures T up to 7.5 times the
intrachain exchange constant J. The calculations show that the excitations at
the antiferromagnetic point q=1 and at q=0.5 remain resonant up to at least
T=2J, confirming the recent experimental observation of resonant
high-temperature domain wall excitations. The predicted first and second
moments are in good agreement with experiment, except at temperatures where
three-dimensional spin correlations are most important. The ratio of the
structure factors at q=1 and at q=0.5 is well predicted for the paramagnetic
infinite-temperature limit. For T=2J, however, we found that the experimentally
observed intensity is considerably less than predicted. This suggests that
domain wall excitations on different chains interact up to temperatures of the
order of the spin band width.Comment: 9 pages revtex, submitted to PR
Finite temperature transport at the superconductor-insulator transition in disordered systems
I argue that the incoherent, zero-frequency limit of the universal crossover
function in the temperature-dependent conductivity at the
superconductor-insulator transition in disordered systems may be understood as
an analytic function of dimensionality of system d, with a simple pole at d=1.
Combining the exact result for the crossover function in d=1 with the recursion
relations in d=1+\epsilon, the leading term in the Laurent series in the small
parameter \epsilon for this quantity is computed for the systems of disordered
bosons with short-range and Coulomb interactions. The universal,
low-temperature, dc critical conductivity for the dirty boson system with
Coulomb interaction in d=2 is estimated to be 0.69 (2e)^2 /h, in relatively
good agreement with many experiments on thin films. The next order correction
is likely to somewhat increase the result, possibly bringing it closer to the
self-dual value.Comment: 9 pages, LaTex, no figure
Microcontroller Based Three Phase Inverter
This paper presents the idea and design of a three-phase inverter that produces a symmetric AC output voltage of desired magnitude and frequency. Although the inverter has traditionally been designed as analog circuitry, now the digital inverters are preferred. Microcontroller used for generating the control signal for the three-phase inverter. The importance of the proper design of control signals with powerful switching is to reduce the harmonics and power losses of the inverter output voltage. The potential of the microcontroller to carry out the mathematical and logical functions allows it to imitate logic and electronics circuit. The PIC18FXX2 of Microchip is used for the implementation of inverter. PWM control is the most powerful technique that offers a simple method for controlling of analog systems with the processor’s digital output. All PWM generating methods aim at generating a sinusoidal inverter output voltage without low-order harmonics. With the availability of low cost high performance microchips characterized by the execution of most instructions in one instruction cycle, complicated control algorithms can be executed with fast speed, making very high sampling rate possible for digitally-controlled inverters.
DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150310
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