La renovación de la palabra en el bicentenario de la Argentina : los colores de la mirada lingüística

El libro reúne trabajos en los que se exponen resultados de investigaciones presentadas por investigadores de Argentina, Chile, Brasil, España, Italia y Alemania en el XII Congreso de la Sociedad Argentina de Lingüística (SAL), Bicentenario: la renovación de la palabra, realizado en Mendoza, Argentina, entre el 6 y el 9 de abril de 2010. Las temáticas abordadas en los 167 capítulos muestran las grandes líneas de investigación que se desarrollan fundamentalmente en nuestro país, pero también en los otros países mencionados arriba, y señalan además las áreas que recién se inician, con poca tradición en nuestro país y que deberían fomentarse. Los trabajos aquí publicados se enmarcan dentro de las siguientes disciplinas y/o campos de investigación: Fonología, Sintaxis, Semántica y Pragmática, Lingüística Cognitiva, Análisis del Discurso, Psicolingüística, Adquisición de la Lengua, Sociolingüística y Dialectología, Didáctica de la lengua, Lingüística Aplicada, Lingüística Computacional, Historia de la Lengua y la Lingüística, Lenguas Aborígenes, Filosofía del Lenguaje, Lexicología y Terminología

Recommendations for the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy

The SINPIA-SIMFER(Italian Society of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry-Italian Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation) Intersociety Commission was set up in December 2000 and is composed of members from both scientific societies, who are experts in the field of rehabilitation of patients with cerebral palsy (CP). In accordance with the indications of the Italian Health Ministry's Planning Department, in 1999 this Commission was entrusted with the task of drawing up "Guidelines for the Rehabilitation of Children Affected by Cerebral Palsy", and to successively revise and update it every five years. The present document is a summary of the latest update, drawn up through meetings of the Intersociety Commission, held in 2012 and 2013, and discussed and approved at the annual SINPIA-SIMFERmeeting held in Brindisi in October 2013. The current version of the Recommendations extends and updates the previous one, also addressing new areas of intervention and adding some in-depth analysis. The document as a whole is not so much a proposal for treatment updated on the basis of advancing knowledge in the field of rehabilitation of CP, as a presentation of the method that should be applied by professionals seeking to define the most appropriate intervention and treatment strategies. The text is the offspring of a process of careful exchanges, which have been conducted in a collegial and collaborative fashion among professionals working in different fields (rehabilitation medicine and child neuropsychiatry) and in healthcare settings at different levels (ranging from first-level local settings to third-level national ones) and of different types (affiliated outpatient clinics and centers, local health authorities, hospitals, "IRCCS" research hospitals, universities)

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field