Amounts of endogenous ABA and ABA metabolites in plants under control conditions, drought treatment, and after rewatering

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The relationship of drought-related gene expression in to hormonal and environmental factors"</p><p></p><p>Journal of Experimental Botany 2008;59(11):2991-3007.</p><p>Published online 13 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2504347.</p><p></p

(a) Changes in ABA and ABA metabolite concentrations in ABA-treated plants

(b) Changes in ABA, ABA metabolites, and PBI425 concentrations in PBI425-treated plants.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The relationship of drought-related gene expression in to hormonal and environmental factors"</p><p></p><p>Journal of Experimental Botany 2008;59(11):2991-3007.</p><p>Published online 13 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2504347.</p><p></p

Responses of 1969 drought-regulated genes to drought (left panel) and rehydration (right panel)

Each spot corresponds to an individual gene, and the number of genes with a given ratio is plotted on the -axis. The colour of each spot is based on the relative expression in drought versus control (left panel); red, up-regulated; blue, down-regulated.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The relationship of drought-related gene expression in to hormonal and environmental factors"</p><p></p><p>Journal of Experimental Botany 2008;59(11):2991-3007.</p><p>Published online 13 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2504347.</p><p></p

Clustering of 641 drought and plant hormone overlapping genes to show commonalities between treatments

Hormone data are from .<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The relationship of drought-related gene expression in to hormonal and environmental factors"</p><p></p><p>Journal of Experimental Botany 2008;59(11):2991-3007.</p><p>Published online 13 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2504347.</p><p></p

(a) Clustering of 1310 drought and ABA overlapping genes according to their expression after drought, rehydration, ABA, and PBI425 treatments

The colour scale indicates the degree of gene expression change. ABA and PBI425 data are from . (b) Clustering of 496 drought and ABA overlapping genes. ABA data are from .<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The relationship of drought-related gene expression in to hormonal and environmental factors"</p><p></p><p>Journal of Experimental Botany 2008;59(11):2991-3007.</p><p>Published online 13 Jun 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2504347.</p><p></p

QTLs conferring cold tolerance at seedling stage in rice mapped in this study.

<p>QTLs conferring cold tolerance at seedling stage in rice mapped in this study.</p

Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Underlying Cold Tolerance in Rice Seedlings via High-Throughput Sequencing of Pooled Extremes

<div><p>Low temperature is a major limiting factor in rice growth and development. Mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling cold tolerance is important for rice breeding. Recent studies have suggested that bulked segregant analysis (BSA) combined with next-generation sequencing (NGS) can be an efficient and cost-effective way for QTL mapping. In this study, we employed NGS-assisted BSA to map QTLs conferring cold tolerance at the seedling stage in rice. By deep sequencing of a pair of large DNA pools acquired from a very large F₃ population (10,800 individuals), we obtained ∼450,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) after strict screening. We employed two statistical methods for QTL analysis based on these SNPs, which yielded consistent results. Six QTLs were mapped on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 8 and 10. The three most significant QTLs on chromosomes 1, 2 and 8 were validated by comparison with previous studies. Two QTLs on chromosomes 2 and 5 were also identified previously, but at the booting stage rather than the seedling stage, suggesting that some QTLs may function at different developmental stages, which would be useful for cold tolerance breeding in rice. Compared with previously reported QTL mapping studies for cold tolerance in rice based on the traditional approaches, the results of this study demonstrated the advantages of NGS-assisted BSA in both efficiency and statistical power.</p></div

Coverage of the rice genome by the uniquely mapped reads.

<p>Note: The size of the reference genome is 373,245,519 bp.</p

Statistics of sequencing results.

<p>Statistics of sequencing results.</p

Statistical difference between the two pools along the genome revealed by three methods.

<p>A: SNP distribution in the genome. B: <i>G</i>′ value profile. The horizontal dotted line shows the significance threshold for FDR≤0.05. The upper longer and lower shorter horizontal bars under each major <i>G</i>′ peak indicate the ranges of the full and the most probable intervals of a putative QTL, respectively. The downward black arrowhead marked as CM within the interval of <i>qCTSS-2</i> indicates the position of centromere on chromosome 2. C: Distribution of differential SNPs in the genome. D: Profile of Nipponbare allele frequency difference.</p