Statistical Optimization Approaches for High Cell Biomass Production of Lactobacillus casei

216-221Probiotic bacteria are known to treat and prevent diseases and hence promote physical and mental wellness due to their significant brain-gut relationship. The main challenge involved in probiotic commercialization is the bio processing limitation to produce high cell mass, especially with the cultivation of lactic acid bacteria which produces lactic acid as a by product. Synthesis of lactic acid by lactic acid bacteria inhibits bacterial growth, and in turn disrupts high cell mass production. Current work presents the findings for Lactobacillus casei medium optimization by response surface methodology in shake flask level. A simple medium using 4 components: lactose, soybean meal, yeast extract and magnesium sulphate has been identified to produce high cell mass than generic mediaused for probiotic cultivation, such as the MRS medium. Secondly, response surface methodology using Box-Behken Design was employed as an optimization strategy. After optimization process, the production of Lactobacillus casei biomass increased by about 164.6% recording 6.51g.L-1 compared to cell biomass obtained using initial un-optimized medium (2.46g.L-1)

Medium Optimization using Response Surface Methodology for High Cell Mass Production of Lactobacillus acidophilus

608-614Lactobacillus acidophilus belongs to probiotic microflora inhabiting human gut that provide beneficially enhances human health. Besides balancing the intestinal flora and inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms, the existence of L. acidophilus inside the intestine can restore gut flora following antibiotics treatments. However, usually microorganisms from lactic acid bacteria group are known as fastidious microorganism and naturally required complex nutrients to promote their cellular growth. Therefore, twelve reported cultivation media were screened for their capability to support cell growth of L. acidophilus. The most suitable medium was further optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design to maximize cell growth of L.acidophilus. Using this statistical approach, about 2.5-fold increase in maximal cell dry weight was achieved (5.14 g L-1) compared to the original medium (2.05 g L-1).This increase was accompanied by a significant increase in cell growth rates as well. The new medium formulation composed of (g L-1): glucose, 50; yeast extract, 20.91; ammonium citrate, 3.42; citric acid, 0.5; KH2PO4, 1.5; MgSO4.7H2O, 0.4; MnSO4.7H2O, 0.05; sodium acetate, 1; tween 80, 1

Tree bark scrape fungus: a potential source of laccase for application in bioremediation of non-textile dyes

Although laccase has been recognized as a wonder molecule and green enzyme, the use of low yielding fungal strains, poor production, purification, and low enzyme kinetics have hampered its large-scale application. Thus,this study aims to select high yielding fungal strains and optimize the production, purification, and kinetics of laccase of Aspergillus sp. HB-RZ4. The results obtained indicated that Aspergillus sp. HB-RZ4 produced a significantly large amount of laccase under meso-acidophilic shaking conditions in a medium containing glucose and yeast extract. A 25 μM CuSO4 was observed to enhance the enzyme yield. The enzyme was best purified on a Sephadex G-100 column. The purified enzyme resembled laccase of A. flavus. The kinetics of the purified enzyme revealed high substrate specificity and good velocity of reaction,using ABTS as a substrate. The enzyme was observed to be stable over various pH values and temperatures. The peptide structure of the purified enzyme was found to resemble laccase of A. kawachii IFO 4308. The fungus was observed to decolorize various dyes independent of the requirement of a laccase mediator system. Aspergillus sp. HB-RZ4 was observed to be a potent natural producer of laccase, and it decolorized the dyes even in the absence of a laccase mediator system. Thus, it can be used for bioremediation of effluent that contains non-textile dyes. © 2020 Sayyed et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited

Statistical Optimization Approaches for High Cell Biomass Production of Lactobacillus casei

Probiotic bacteria are known to treat and prevent diseases and hence promote physical and mental wellness due to their significant brain-gut relationship. The main challenge involved in probiotic commercialization is the bio processing limitation to produce high cell mass, especially with the cultivation of lactic acid bacteria which produces lactic acid as a by product. Synthesis of lactic acid by lactic acid bacteria inhibits bacterial growth, and in turn disrupts high cell mass production. Current work presents the findings for Lactobacillus casei medium optimization by response surface methodology in shake flask level. A simple medium using 4 components: lactose, soybean meal, yeast extract and magnesium sulphate has been identified to produce high cell mass than generic mediaused for probiotic cultivation, such as the MRS medium. Secondly, response surface methodology using Box-Behken Design was employed as an optimization strategy. After optimization process, the production of Lactobacillus casei biomass increased by about 164.6% recording 6.51g.L-1 compared to cell biomass obtained using initial un-optimized medium (2.46g.L-1)

Optimizing Medium Components to Enhance High Cell Mass Production of Biotherapeutic Strain Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 20016T by Statistical Method

798-803Probiotics referred to a group of living microorganisms which highly influence the human health. A number of studies have highlighted on the bio-therapeutic potential of Lactobacillus reuteri strains, especially in treating eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Therefore, in present investigation, statistical methods were applied to optimize medium composition for high cell mass production of L. reuteri strain DSM 20016T. Most influencing medium components were screened by using Plackett-Burman and optimized using Box-Bhenken experimental design. The concentration of lactose, yeast extract and phosphate in cultivation medium has shown significant effect on the cell mass production. The highest cell mass obtained after 48h incubation was 3.96 ± 0.02 gL−1 in RSM-optimized medium compared to 1.76 ± 0.17 gL−1 in un-optimized medium

Isolation and Identification Studies on Potential Xylanase Producing Strain Trichoderma sp. WICC F46 Isolated from Tropical Soil

Trichoderma is one of few fungal species of high potential application as bio factory for xylanase production. During last few years increased demand have been observed on the need to isolate high efficient strains from soil sample and to use different microbiological and bioprocess engineering approaches to increase the production yield. In this work, efficient xylanase producer strain was isolated from soil and fully identified using phylogeny analysis. In order to develop an efficient submerged medium for xylanase production, media screening was carried out followed by optimization using one factor at a time (OFAT) method. After optimization of medium composition, the maximal xylanase volumetric production reached 311.71 UmL-1. This medium was composed of corn cob, peptone, magnesium sulphate, calcium chloride, and ammonium sulphate

Assessment of microwave-assisted pretreatments for enhancing pineapple waste delignification

Biological degradation of biomass for the production of fine chemicals is getting much interest nowadays. However, the complex and recalcitrance structure of the biomass hinders the success story of the degradation. Lignin is the main composition that impedes the bioconversion of biomass. Hence, an optimize delignification pretreatment need to be developed to enable the biological degradation process becomes much easier and thus higher production yield can be achieved afterwards. This study focuses on the assessment of pineapple waste (PW) delignification by applying microwave radiation on two different pretreated PW to facilitate the processes. The PW was initially pretreated with distilled water (dH2O) and peracetic acid (PAA) prior to the microwave radiation. Three main parameters (pretreatment time, min; temperature, °C; and microwave radiation power, W) were studied towards the effect of PW delignification. Lignin percentage before and after the pretreatments were compared and analysed. The results obtained revealed that the microwave-assisted PAA shows the best percentage of delignification compared to the microwave-assisted dH2O pretreatment. The best delignification process obtained in this study is a key indicator for a better biomass degradation to achieve higher yield of products in the future

Natural colorant for food: a healthy alternative

Natural colorant have great interest in the market. Colorant are an important aspect that affect the way we feel and judge towards foods. The color of foods is normally associated with the safety, flavor and nutritional value of the products. Therefore, it is an important characteristic that give reason for colorant to be added in foods. As a natural colorant, it can replace the synthetic dyes. Since, an artificial color additive tends to impart undesirable taste, negative health issues related to their consumption such as allergenic and intolerance reactions. Food wit h good texture, nutrients and flavor should be of appealing color then only it can be desirable for human consumption. It is therefore, essential to explore various natural sources of food grade colorants and their potential uses. This review summarizes the important of natural colorant in human health and wellness, economic impact and different groups of natural colorants as a healthy alternative compare to conventional colorant used

Antimicrobial compounds from catharanthus roseus- a review

Catharanthus roseus L. (Apocynacea) which is also known as Madagascar periwinkle and Vinca rosea is historically been used for the treatment of various diseases. The assessment of this plant extracts to be used as prophylactic agent against certain human pathogens has been thoroughly investigated by previous researchers. It is an important plant for novel pharmaceuticals since most of the pathogens are developing resistance against currently available antimicrobial drugs. Thus, this review is summarizing the active compounds which are responsible for bioactivity of the plant and provides insight into genetic regulation of alkaloids containing in the extracts to serve as antimicrobial agents. Further research on Catharanthus roseus is highly recommended to explore its full potential as phytomedicine specifically to be developed as antimicrobial drug