Antioxidation of NAC in cell death induced by T-2 toxin.

<p><b>A</b>. Antioxidation of NAC in the cell death process of Hela cells. <b>B</b>. Endogenous GSH level of Hela under protection of NAC. Data was presented as mean ± SD. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.</p

Activation of Caspase-3 induced by T-2 toxin.

<p><b>A</b>. Detection of Caspase-3 hydrolase activity under T-2 toxin stress. <b>B</b>. Western blot result of Caspase-3 activated fragments in Hela cells when treated with T-2 at the concentration of LC50 for 8, 16, and 24 h respectively. <b>C</b>. Western blot result of Caspase-3 activated fragments in Changliver cells. <b>D</b>. Caspase-3 activity in Bel -7402 cell. Data was presented as mean ± SD. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.</p

The effect of up-regulated JunD on cells.

<p><b>A</b>. The expression levels of JunD induced by T-2 toxin. <b>B</b>. The expression of JunD after transfection of JunD over-expression vector in three cell strains. wt: wild type. +: cell strains transfected with over-expression vector. <b>C</b>. The effect of over-expressed JunD on cell survival rate. T-2: wild-type cells under T-2 toxin stress. JunD (+/+): JunD over-expressied cell lines under T-2 toxin stress. Data was presented as mean ± SD. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.</p

Western-blot analysis on activated Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 level.

<p><b>A</b>. Activated Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 level in Hela cells when treated with T-2 toxin at the concentration of LC50 for 8, 16, and 24 h respectively. <b>B</b>. Activated Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 level in Changliver cells were treated with T-2 toxin. <b>C</b>. Bel -7402 cells were treated with T-2 toxin.</p

Intracellular redox level under T-2 toxin.

<p>A. Level of endogenous GSH under T-2 toxin stress. B. Levels of endogenous MDA under T-2 toxin stress. Data was presented as mean ± SD. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.</p

The inhibition effect of T-2 toxin on three cell strains.

<p><b>A</b>. Dose-dependent inhibition ration of T-2 toxin at 24 h. <b>B</b>. Time-dependent effect of T-2 toxin to cells. Data was presented as mean ± SD. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.</p

Vikingar i österled

Information for the primers used in the qRT-PCR analysis. (DOCX 16 kb

Effects of Rhizosphere Microorganisms on the Uptake and Translocation of Organic Compounds in Maize Seedlings

The plant root is a key pathway to absorb insecticides from soil and is colonized by beneficial and pathogenic microbial communities. Our study demonstrated that colonizing roots by nitrogen-fixing bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri and pathogenic Fusarium graminearum and Pythium ultimum increased the uptake of insecticides into maize roots from soil. An alteration in the permeability of root cells contributed to this increased uptake. For the subsequent root-to-shoot translocation, the relationship between translocation and log P of the compound satisfied a Gaussian distribution. Relatively beneficial P. stutzeri can promote maize seedling growth and increase translocation, whereas Fusarium and Pythium pathogens can retard the seedling growth and reduce the translocation. Furthermore, the relationship between the concentration difference (difference of an insecticide from inoculation treatment to control) and log P also showed a Gaussian distribution. The maximum concentration difference from the Gaussian equation can be applied to assess the capacity of rhizosphere microorganisms to influence translocation

Additional file 7: of De novo transcriptome and expression profile analyses of the Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) reveals relevant flubendiamide response genes

Differentially expressed genes between flubendiamide-treated and control ACBs. (XLS 27928 kb

Additional file 8: of De novo transcriptome and expression profile analyses of the Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) reveals relevant flubendiamide response genes

Information for the primers used in the qRT-PCR analysis. (DOCX 16 kb