Modeling Sketching Primitives to Support Freehand Drawing Based on Context Awareness

Freehand drawing is an easy and intuitive method for thinking input and output. In sketch based interface, there lack support for natural sketching with drawing cues, like overlapping, overlooping, hatching, etc. which happen frequently in physical pen and paper. In this paper, we analyze some characters of drawing cues in sketch based interface and describe the different types of sketching primitives. An improved sketch information model is given and the idea is to present and record design thinking during freehand drawing process with individuality and diversification. The interaction model based on context is developed which can guide and help new sketch-based interface development. New applications with different context contents can be easily derived from it and developed further. Our approach can support the tasks that are common across applications, requiring the designer to only provide support for the application-specific tasks. It is capable of and applicable for modeling various sketching interfaces and applications. Finally, we illustrate the general operations of the system by examples in different applications

31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016) : part two

Background The immunological escape of tumors represents one of the main ob- stacles to the treatment of malignancies. The blockade of PD-1 or CTLA-4 receptors represented a milestone in the history of immunotherapy. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors seem to be effective in specific cohorts of patients. It has been proposed that their efficacy relies on the presence of an immunological response. Thus, we hypothesized that disruption of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis would synergize with our oncolytic vaccine platform PeptiCRAd. Methods We used murine B16OVA in vivo tumor models and flow cytometry analysis to investigate the immunological background. Results First, we found that high-burden B16OVA tumors were refractory to combination immunotherapy. However, with a more aggressive schedule, tumors with a lower burden were more susceptible to the combination of PeptiCRAd and PD-L1 blockade. The therapy signifi- cantly increased the median survival of mice (Fig. 7). Interestingly, the reduced growth of contralaterally injected B16F10 cells sug- gested the presence of a long lasting immunological memory also against non-targeted antigens. Concerning the functional state of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), we found that all the immune therapies would enhance the percentage of activated (PD-1pos TIM- 3neg) T lymphocytes and reduce the amount of exhausted (PD-1pos TIM-3pos) cells compared to placebo. As expected, we found that PeptiCRAd monotherapy could increase the number of antigen spe- cific CD8+ T cells compared to other treatments. However, only the combination with PD-L1 blockade could significantly increase the ra- tio between activated and exhausted pentamer positive cells (p= 0.0058), suggesting that by disrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis we could decrease the amount of dysfunctional antigen specific T cells. We ob- served that the anatomical location deeply influenced the state of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In fact, TIM-3 expression was in- creased by 2 fold on TILs compared to splenic and lymphoid T cells. In the CD8+ compartment, the expression of PD-1 on the surface seemed to be restricted to the tumor micro-environment, while CD4 + T cells had a high expression of PD-1 also in lymphoid organs. Interestingly, we found that the levels of PD-1 were significantly higher on CD8+ T cells than on CD4+ T cells into the tumor micro- environment (p < 0.0001). Conclusions In conclusion, we demonstrated that the efficacy of immune check- point inhibitors might be strongly enhanced by their combination with cancer vaccines. PeptiCRAd was able to increase the number of antigen-specific T cells and PD-L1 blockade prevented their exhaus- tion, resulting in long-lasting immunological memory and increased median survival

a novel method to recognize complex dynamic gesture by combining hmm and fnn models

IEEERecognition of dynamic gesture is an important task for gesture-based Human-Computer Interaction. A novel HMM-FNN model is proposed in this paper for the modeling and recognition of complex dynamic gesture. It combines temporal modeling capab

a gesture design toolkit for computer games

Recently, vision based hand gesture interfaces have become very common. However, the development of such applications is very difficult. It requires sophisticated image processing and machine learning knowledge that is out of reach for many traditional game developers. They need an auxiliary tool to design vision based interfaces. This paper describes the motivation, design and development of a toolkit for vision based interactive games. It has the following characteristics: a flexible interface to facilitate adding new classifiers; a dynamic configuration management mechanism for all classifiers; and a visual user interface to define high-level semantic gesture. Evaluation results show that it can provide a unified platform and a general solution for vision based computer games. Copyright &copy; 2011 Binary Information Press

a new invariant descriptor for shape representation and recognition

IEEETraditional Fourier Descriptor suffers the drawback of being sensitive to translation, rotation and scale transform. This paper presents a new method of shape representation, Polygon Fourier Descriptor (PFD), which can achieve the invariance

th3d: a two-handed interaction framework for desktop virtual environment

This paper describes a two-handed interaction framework for desktop virtual environment, called TH3D. The design goal of this framework is to support the deviceindependent, task-centered, and fast development of twohanded applications on desktop computers. Existing research on two-handed interaction focuses mainly on specific interaction techniques and fails to achieve this goal. Our framework is characterized by its multi-layer design applied to two-handed interaction, including the normalization of raw input data, interaction primitive and task construction, and an efficient, built-in, two-handed interaction technique that integrates the benefits of both egocentric and exocentric interactions. With this framework, application developers can pay more attention to the analysis of interaction tasks and the design of an interaction technique without mainly considering a variety of devices and the mapping between interaction task and technique. The current implementation is tested with ordinary Spacemouse and 2D mouse, but the framework can easily be ported to other device combinations. &copy; 2011 ACADEMY PUBLISHER

capturing invisible design: modeling multi-modal interaction in pervasive computing

IEEE Beijing Sect, BCS, UCE, GUT, SDUW, XIFEAs technologies are rapidly evolving in the area of storage, recognition and displays, the vision of multi-modal interaction is positioning the human needs central to pervasive access to services. Users expect better looking interfaces that a

capturing invisible design: modeling multi-modal interaction in pervasive computing

IEEE Beijing Sect, BCS, UCE, GUT, SDUW, XIFEAs technologies are rapidly evolving in the area of storage, recognition and displays, the vision of multi-modal interaction is positioning the human needs central to pervasive access to services. Users expect better looking interfaces that a

a multimodal fusion framework for childrens storytelling systems

Zhejiang Univ, DEARC, Sch Comp Sci, China Soc Image & Graph, VR Comm, Zhejiang Prov, Hangzhou Natl Animat Base, Zhejiang Univ, State Key Lab CAD&CG, INI GraphicsNet, Int Journal Virtual Real, IFIF SG 16 Entertainment Comp, Nat Sci Fdn China, PStorytelling by a child, as a training activity, influences significantly a childs linguistic abilities, logic and thought process, imagination, and creativity. There presently exist many software-based storytelling applications. However, mos