DialogRE^C+: An Extension of DialogRE to Investigate How Much Coreference Helps Relation Extraction in Dialogs

Dialogue relation extraction (DRE) that identifies the relations between argument pairs in dialogue text, suffers much from the frequent occurrence of personal pronouns, or entity and speaker coreference. This work introduces a new benchmark dataset DialogRE^C+, introducing coreference resolution into the DRE scenario. With the aid of high-quality coreference knowledge, the reasoning of argument relations is expected to be enhanced. In DialogRE^C+ dataset, we manually annotate total 5,068 coreference chains over 36,369 argument mentions based on the existing DialogRE data, where four different coreference chain types namely speaker chain, person chain, location chain and organization chain are explicitly marked. We further develop 4 coreference-enhanced graph-based DRE models, which learn effective coreference representations for improving the DRE task. We also train a coreference resolution model based on our annotations and evaluate the effect of automatically extracted coreference chains demonstrating the practicality of our dataset and its potential to other domains and tasks.Comment: Accepted by NLPCC 202

Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 WT and Omicron BA.4/5 of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in patients with lung cancer after second and booster immunization

Abstract COVID-19 inactivated vaccine-induced humoral responses in patients with lung cancer (LCs) to SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT) strain and variants BA.4/5 after the primary 2-dose and booster vaccination remained unknown. We conducted a cross-sectional study in 260 LCs, 140 healthy controls (HC) and additional 40 LCs with serial samples by detecting total antibodies, IgG anti-RBD and neutralizing antibodies (NAb) toward WT and BA.4/5. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses were augmented by the booster dose of inactivated vaccines in LCs, whereas they were lower than that in HCs. Enhanced humoral responses waned over time after triple injection, notably in NAb against WT and BA.4/5. The NAb against BA.4/5 was much lower than WT. Age ≥ 65 was risk factor for immunization of NAb to WT. Undergoing treatment resulted in a lower antibody response than those without and radiotherapy was a also risk factor for seroconversion of NAb to WT. Lower lymphocyte counts contributed to a lower titer of IgG anti-RBD and NAb against BA.4/5 in LCs than HCs. Specifically, total B cells, CD4+T cells and CD8+T counts were correlated with the humoral response. These results should be taken into consideration for the elderly patients under treatment

Differences between fellow eyes of acute and chronic primary angle closure (glaucoma): An ultrasound biomicroscopy quantitative study

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>To compare various biometric parameters between fellow eyes of acute primary angle closure (glaucoma) [APAC(G)] and fellow eyes of chronic primary angle closure (glaucoma) [CPAC(G)].</p><p>Methods</p><p>Ultrasound biomicroscopy examinations were performed on 47 patients with unilateral APAC(G) and 41 patients with asymmetric CPAC(G) before laser peripheral iridotomy and pilocarpine treatment. Anterior chamber depth and width (ACD and ACW), lens vault (LV), iris curvature (IC), iris root distance (IRD), trabecular-ciliary process distance (TCPD), iris-ciliary process distance (ICPD), trabecular-ciliary angle (TCA), and other biometric parameters were compared between fellow eyes of APAC(G) and fellow eyes of CAPC(G).</p><p>Results</p><p>Compared with fellow eyes of CPAC(G), fellow eyes of APAC(G) had smaller ACD (<i>P</i> < 0.001), ACW (<i>P</i> = 0.007), TCPD (<i>P</i> = 0.016), ICPD (<i>P</i> = 0.008), and TCA (<i>P</i> = 0.006), as well as larger LV (<i>P</i> = 0.002), IC (<i>P</i> = 0.012), and IRD (<i>P</i> = 0.003). On multivariate logistic regression analyses, a 0.1 mm decrease in ACD (odds ratio [OR]: 0.705, 95%CI: 0.564–0.880, <i>P</i> = 0.002), ICPD (OR: 0.557, 95%CI: 0.335–0.925, <i>P</i> = 0.024), and a 0.1 mm increase in IRD (OR: 2.707, 95%CI: 1.025–7.149, <i>P</i> = 0.045), was significantly associated with occurrence of acute angle closures.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Fellow eyes of APAC(G) had smaller anterior segment dimensions, higher LV, more posterior iris insertion, greater IC, and more anteriorly rotated ciliary body compared with fellow eyes of CPAC(G). ACD, ICPD, and IRD were the three most important parameters that distinguish eyes predisposed to APAC(G) or CPAC(G).</p></div

The determination of the parameters on an ultrasound biomicroscopy image of the horizontal perpendicular full view scans at the nasal-temporal position centered over the pupil.

<p>ACD = anterior chamber depth; ACW = anterior chamber width; LV = lens vault; PD = pupil diameter; SS = scleral spur.</p

Ultrasound biomicroscopy images of two patients (patient A and B).

<p>A, The fellow eye of a patient with acute primary angle closure (APAC). B, The fellow eye of a patient with chronic primary angle closure (CPAC). Note that the fellow eye of APAC has smaller anterior segment dimensions (anterior chamber depth [ACD] and anterior chamber width [ACW]), higher lens vault (LV) (A1 vs. B1), greater iris curvature (IC), more posterior iris insertion (longer iris root distance [IRD]), and more anteriorly positioned ciliary body (shorter trabecular-ciliary process distance [TCPD] and iris-ciliary process distance [ICPD], and smaller trabecular-ciliary angle [TCA]) (A2 vs. B2). Scale bar: 1mm.</p

Intra-observer and Inter-observer intra-class coefficients of the ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters.

<p>Intra-observer and Inter-observer intra-class coefficients of the ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters.</p

Relationship of biometric and ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters with presence of acute angle closures.

<p>Relationship of biometric and ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters with presence of acute angle closures.</p

The determination of the parameters on an ultrasound biomicroscopy diagram of the radial scans centered over the limbus.

<p>A circle with a radius of 500 μm centered on the scleral spur (SS) is drawn. Angle-opening distance at 500 μm (AOD500) is the distance between the posterior corneal surface and the anterior iris surface on a line perpendicular to the trabecular meshwork 500 μm from the SS. Trabecular-iris space area at 500 μm (TISA500) is the area bounded anteriorly by AOD500 as determined, posteriorly by a line drawn from the SS perpendicular to the plane of the inner scleral wall to the iris, superiorly by the inner corneoscleral wall, and inferiorly by the iris surface. Trabecular-anterior iris surface angle (TAIA) is the angle between the posterior corneal surface and the anterior iris surface (angle of “a-SS-b”). Trabecular-posterior iris surface angle (TPIA) is the angle between the posterior corneal surface and the posterior iris surface (angle of “a-SS-c”). Iris thickness at 500 μm (IT500) is iris thickness at 500 μm from the SS. Iris curvature (IC) is the perpendicular distance from a line between the most central to the most peripheral points of the iris pigment epithelium to the posterior iris surface at the point of greatest convexity. Iris root distance (IRD): the distance from the SS to the insertion location of the iris into the ciliary body (line of “SS-e”). Trabecular-ciliary process distance (TCPD) is a line extending from the corneal endothelium 500 μm anterior to the SS toward the ciliary processes (line of “ad”). Iris-ciliary process distance (ICPD) is the posterior surface of the iris 500 μm anterior to the SS toward the ciliary processes (line of “cd”). Trabecular-ciliary angle (TCA) is the angle between the posterior corneal surface and the anterior surface of the ciliary body (angle of “a-SS-f”). Maximum ciliary body thickness (CBTmax) is the distance from the most inner point of the ciliary body to the inner wall of sclera or its extended line. Ciliary body thicknesses at the point of the SS (CBT0) and at a distance of 500 μm (CBT500) are also measured.</p

Solid Electrolyte Interphase Structure Regulated by Functional Electrolyte Additive for Enhancing Li Metal Anode Performance

Lithium (Li) metal anodes have become an important component of the next generation of high energy density batteries. However, the Li metal anode still has problems such as Li dendrite growth and unstable solid electrolyte interface layer. Herein, we present a functional electrolyte additive (PANHF) successfully synthesized from acrylonitrile and hexafluorobutyl methacrylate via a polymerization reaction. With extensive analytical characterization, it is found that the PANHF can improve the reversibility and Coulombic efficiency of the Li deposition/dissolution reaction and prevent the growth of Li dendrites by forming a solid electrolyte interphase rich in organic matter on the outer layer and LiF on the inner layer. The results show that the cycling performance of the Li/Li cell was greatly improved in the electrolyte containing 0.5 wt % PANHF. Specifically, the cycling stability of more than 700 cycles was achieved at a current density of 1.0 mA cm–2. Moreover, the Li/NCM811 cell with 0.5 wt % PANHF has a higher capacity of 137.7 mA h g–1 at 1.0 C and a capacity retention of 83.41% after 200 cycles. This work highlights the importance of protecting the Li metal anode with functional bipolymer additives for next-generation Li metal batteries

Comparison of ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters in fellow eyes of acute primary angle closure (Glaucoma) and chronic primary angle closure (Glaucoma).

<p>Comparison of ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters in fellow eyes of acute primary angle closure (Glaucoma) and chronic primary angle closure (Glaucoma).</p