Localization of hRad9 in breast cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>hRad9 </it>is a cell cycle checkpoint gene that is up-regulated in breast cancer. We have previously shown that the mRNA up-regulation correlated with tumor size and local recurrence. Immunohistochemical studies were made to better define the role of <it>hRad9 </it>in breast carcinogenesis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Localisation of hRad9 protein were performed on paired tumor and normal breast tissues. Immunoblotting with and without dephosphorylation was used to define the protein isolated from breast cancer cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Increased hRad9 protein was observed in breast cancer cells nucleus compared to non-tumor epithelium. This nuclear protein existed in hyperphosphorylated forms which may be those of the hRad9-hRad1-hHus1 complex.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Finding of hyperphosphorylated forms of hRad9 in the nucleus of cancer cells is in keeping with its function in ameliorating DNA instability, whereby it inadvertently assists tumor growth.</p

Extracted from MDA231 breast cancer cells, breast tumor sample with nuclear staining of hRad9 (A) and a control tumor sample with no nuclear staining (B)

The relative position for molecular weights (in KDa) are indicated on the right. Protein extracts were treated with λ phosphatase (100 and 500 units respectively).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Localization of hRad9 in breast cancer"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/196</p><p>BMC Cancer 2008;8():196-196.</p><p>Published online 11 Jul 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2483722.</p><p></p