10,161 research outputs found
A study of stopping power in nuclear reactions at intermediate energies
We show a systematic experimental study based on INDRA data of the stopping
power in central symmetric nuclear reactions. Total mass of the systems goes
from 80 to 400 nucleons while the incident energy range is from 12 AMeV to 100
AMeV. The role of isospin diffusion at 32 and 45 MeV/nucleon with 124,136Xe
projectiles on 112,124Sn targets performed at GANIL is also discussed. Results
suggest a strong memory of the entrance channel above 20 AMeV/A (nuclear
transparency) and, as such, constitute valuable tests of the microscopic
transport models.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of International Workshop on
Multifragmentation and Related Topics (IWM 2009), Catania, Italy, 4 Nov-7 Nov
200
Benchmarking GEANT4 nuclear models for hadron therapy with 95 MeV/nucleon carbon ions
In carbon-therapy, the interaction of the incoming beam with human tissues
may lead to the production of a large amount of nuclear fragments and secondary
light particles. An accurate estimation of the biological dose deposited into
the tumor and the surrounding healthy tissues thus requires sophisticated
simulation tools based on nuclear reaction models. The validity of such models
requires intensive comparisons with as many sets of experimental data as
possible. Up to now, a rather limited set of double di erential carbon
fragmentation cross sections have been measured in the energy range used in
hadrontherapy (up to 400 MeV/A). However, new data have been recently obtained
at intermediate energy (95 MeV/A). The aim of this work is to compare the
reaction models embedded in the GEANT4 Monte Carlo toolkit with these new data.
The strengths and weaknesses of each tested model, i.e.
G4BinaryLightIonReaction, G4QMDReaction and INCL++, coupled to two di fferent
de-excitation models, i.e. the generalized evaporation model and the Fermi
break-up are discussed
Characterization of quasi-projectiles produced in symmetric collisions studied with INDRA Comparison with models
The characterization of hot quasi-projectiles produced in symmetric or
quasi-symmetric reactions (Au + Au, Xe + Sn, Ni + Ni, Ar + KCl) at di erent
incident energies are estimated by means of two di erent procedures. The
advantages and disadvantages of each method are analyzed on the basis of
simulations using events produced by two slightly di erent models: HIPSE and
ELIE.Comment: A para\^itr
Relaxation time of the topological T1 process in a two-dimensional foam
The elementary topological T1 process in a two-dimensional foam corresponds
to the "flip" of one soap film with respect to the geometrical constraints.
From a mechanical point of view, this T1 process is an elementary relaxation
process through which the entire structure of an out-of-equilibrium foam
evolves. The dynamics of this elementary relaxation process has been poorly
investigated and is generally neglected during simulations of foams. We study
both experimentally and theoretically the T1 dynamics in a dry two-dimensional
foam. We show that the dynamics is controlled by the surface viscoelastic
properties of the soap films (surface shear plus dilatational viscosity, ms+k,
and Gibbs elasticity e), and is independent of the shear viscosity of the bulk
liquid. Moreover, our approach illustrates that the dynamics of T1 relaxation
process provides a convenient tool for measuring the surface rheological
properties: we obtained e = 32+/-8 mN/m and ms+k = 1.3+/-0.7 mPa.m.s for SDS,
and e = 65+/-12 mN/m and ms+k = 31+/-12 mPa.m.s for BSA, in good agreement with
values reported in the literature
Precision measurements in nuclear {\beta}-decay with LPCTrap
The experimental achievements and the current program with the LPCTrap device
installed at the LIRAT beam line of the SPIRAL1-GANIL facility are presented.
The device is dedicated to the study of the weak interaction at low energy by
means of precise measurements of the {\beta}-{\nu} angular correlation
parameter. Technical aspects as well as the main results are reviewed. The
future program with new available beams is briefly discussed.Comment: Annalen der Physik (2013
Quantitative measurement of the surface charge density
We present a method of measuring the charge density on dielectric surfaces.
Similar to electrostatic force microscopy we record the electrostatic
interaction between the probe and the sample surface, but at large tip-sample
distances. For calibration we use a pyroelectric sample which allows us to
alter the surface charge density by a known amount via a controlled temperature
change. For proof of principle we determined the surface charge density under
ambient conditions of ferroelectric lithium niobate
Historical Estimates of World Population: An Evaluation
A myopic view of history and underdevelopment of theory have been two shortcomings of demography, related to the pragmatism of the discipline and to demographers\u27 predilection for precise measures. A healthy counterpoise is the current surge of interest in demographic history, where questions remote from current practical concerns invite study and exact data are scarce. Historical demography, hitherto an esoteric field of specialization, is now a robustly growing sub-discipline. Historians, archaeologists, and others are also joining in the exploration of neglected demographic fields of history. Demographer\u27s horizons are being stretched, new frontiers of interdisciplinary contact are being opened, and the historical foundations of theory are being strengthened and extended
Quasiperiodicity and non-computability in tilings
We study tilings of the plane that combine strong properties of different
nature: combinatorial and algorithmic. We prove existence of a tile set that
accepts only quasiperiodic and non-recursive tilings. Our construction is based
on the fixed point construction; we improve this general technique and make it
enforce the property of local regularity of tilings needed for
quasiperiodicity. We prove also a stronger result: any effectively closed set
can be recursively transformed into a tile set so that the Turing degrees of
the resulted tilings consists exactly of the upper cone based on the Turing
degrees of the later.Comment: v3: the version accepted to MFCS 201
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