473 research outputs found
Elevations of amniotic fluid macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha concentrations in women during term and preterm labor.
Journal ArticleOBJECTIVE: To determine whether elevated concentrations of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) in amniotic fluid (AF) are related to term and preterm labor. METHODS: Amniotic fluid was obtained from women from five different clinical situations: 1) term cesarean delivery, no labor (n = 29); 2) normal term labor, no infection (n = 36); 3) preterm labor, delivery more than 1 week from sampling, no infection (n = 19); 4) preterm labor, delivery within 1 week from sampling, no infection (n = 18); and 5) preterm chorioamnionitis (n = 8). Amniotic fluid was collected aseptically at the time of amniocentesis, amniotomy, or hysterotomy. Concentrations of MIP-1 alpha were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was by Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and unpaired t test. RESULTS: Women in normal term labor had significant elevations of AF MIP-1 alpha concentrations when compared with women at term undergoing repeat cesarean delivery (P < .001). In women with term gestation, AF MIP-1 alpha correlated well with cervical dilation (r2 = 0.479, P < .001). In women with preterm labor who later delivered within 1 week of presentation, AF MIP-1 alpha concentrations were higher than those from women who did not deliver within 1 week. Women who presented with clinically evident chorioamnionitis had the highest concentrations of AF MIP-1 alpha (P = .001). CONCLUSION: Women in labor have significantly elevated AF concentrations of MIP-1 alpha, particularly if labor is associated with intrauterine infection. We suggest that MIP-1 alpha is involved in the physiology of normal labor and in the pathogenesis of infection-associated preterm labor
Integration in Housing: A Plan for Racial Diversity
The Villages of Park Forest and Park Forest South are concerned about the possibility of racial resegregation. The four parts of the plan are as follows: Part I, Why we value integration; Part II, Policy- what we can do to promote integration maintenance; Part III, A discussion of the housing forces which contribute to racial resegregation and; Part IV, A history of housing integration in Park Forest and Park Forest South
Affirmative Marketing Handbook: A Guide to Integrated Housing
From the Preface:
As fair housing laws have been adopted during the late 1960\u27s and the 70\u27s, tools have been forged for implementing integration and fighting discrimination and segregation. One such tool, affirmative marketing, has come to public attention as the implementation of affirmative action became an important issue in the United States. For those groups interested in avoiding (re)segregation and promoting integrated communities through affirmative marketing, literature on the subject is sparse and scattered. Because of the need for a comprehensive guide, we pulled together existing information, and pooled our own ideas, observations and experiences concerning affirmative marketing to form this handbook.
This guide is directed to fair housing organizations, municipalities , members of the housing industry, and community organizations who are interested in the implementation of an affirmative marketing program, and want to know what and how actions might be taken. Many people have helped us with our research. We want to especially thank Kathy Cardona, of the South Suburban Housing Center, for her editorial assistance and Kale Williams and the staff of the Leadership Council for (Chicago) Metropolitan Open Communities for their overall comments and legal analysis
Carbon dioxide fixation in the brain / Soll Berl, Genkichiro Takagaki, Donald D Clarke, and Heinrich Waelsch From the New York Psychiatric Institute and the Colleg eof Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
Carbon dioxide fixation in brain was studied in cats to which NaHC14O3, with and without ammonia, was administered by intracarotid infusion. Glutamic and aspartic acids, glutamine, glutathione, and Îł-aminobutyric acid were isolated from blood, brain, and liver, and their specific activities were determined. The data indicate a significant incorporation of CO2 into the amino acids of the cerebral cortex, presumably by way of the citric acid cycle. Without simultaneous ammonia infusion, the specific activity of aspartic acid is 3 times that of glutamine, whereas in the presence of ammonia the ratios of specific activity of both compounds are closer to unity or reversed. The data suggest that in the presence of ammonia the oxaloacetic acid is channeled into glutamine formation. Îł-Aminobutyric acid isolated from the tissue, as well as that obtained after decarboxylation of glutamic acid or glutamine, has less than 5% of the counts of the precursor. These findings give additional support to the assumption that the operation of a CO2 fixation mechanism in brain is similar to that in liver. Additional data on the compartmentation of glutamic acid and glutamine synthesis are presented. The significance of the findings for an interpretation of ammonia metabolism in brain is pointed ou
Response to Professor Olsen's Commentary on âRandom Sampling â Is It Worth It?â
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/94518/1/ppe12019.pd
The Vehicle, November 1960, Vol. 3 no. 1
CONTENTS
To the ReaderStaffpage 2
Nâ = N : 1Donald C. Blairpage 3
ConsistencyDonald C. Blairpage 3
Unto MeLinda Kay Campbellpage 4
The Meek Shall InheritE. J. B. page 5
The Infinite QuestLarry W. Dudleypage 6
Dreamerâs DawnMike Hindmanpage 7
BirthNancy Coepage 7
The Lost DutchmanDonald C. Blairpage 8
W. E. Noonan IRobert S. Hodgepage 8
A Soldierâs OrdealDonald E. Shephardsonpage 9
Personal PossessionMary Beilpage 11
Thine The GloryDonald C. Blairpage 12
The ThornJan Holstlawpage 13
A Lordâs Day MorningLinda Campbellpage 14
Observations of a 6-Year-OldTom McPeakpage 15
Jewels of TimeJudith Jerintspage 16
LavenderE. J. B. page 16https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1008/thumbnail.jp
Infectious Causes of Stillbirth: A Clinical Perspective
Untreated infection may cause stillbirth by several mechanisms, including direct fetal infection, placental damage, and severe maternal illness. Many bacteria, viruses, and protozoa have been associated with stillbirth. In developed countries, up to 24% of stillbirths have been attributed to infection, although with increased availability of sophisticated diagnostics and rigorous screening, it appears likely that higher numbers may actually be associated with infection. In developed countries, ascending bacterial infection is usually the most common infectious cause of stillbirth, with a number of viral infections also an important factor. Screening, prevention and treatment of maternal infections are important to reduce stillbirth risk
User assessments and the use of information from MomConnect, a mobile phone text-based information service, by pregnant women and new mothers in South Africa
MomConnect was designed to provide crucial health
information to mothers during pregnancy and in the early
years of child rearing in South Africa. The design drew on
the success of the Mobile Alliance for Maternal Actionâs
programme in South Africa, as well as a growing list
of mobile health (mHealth) interventions implemented
internationally. Services such as MomConnect are
dependent on user acceptability as all engagements
are voluntary, meaning that tools have to be easy to
use and useful to be successful. This paper describes
the evaluation of the tool by pregnant women and new
mothers using the tool. A purposive sample of 32 individual
semistructured interviews and 7 focus groups were
conducted, across five provinces in South Africa. All the
sessions were transcribed and then analysed using a
contextualised interpretative approach, with the assistance
of Atlas. ti. The women were consistently positive about
MomConnect, attaching high value to the content of
the messages and the medium in which they were
delivered. The system was found to work well, with minor
problems in some language translations. Respondents
were enthusiastic about the messages, stating that
the information was of great use and made them feel
empowered in their role as a mother, with some saving the
messages to use as a resource or to share with others. The
most significant problems related to network coverage.
There was strong support for this intervention to continue.
Given the user acceptability of mHealth interventions,
MomConnect appeared to meet the target of identifying
and responding to the recipientâs needs
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