53 research outputs found

    Control of Gene Expression by the Retinoic Acid-Related Orphan Receptor Alpha in HepG2 Human Hepatoma Cells

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    Retinoic acid-related Orphan Receptor alpha (RORα; NR1F1) is a widely distributed nuclear receptor involved in several (patho)physiological functions including lipid metabolism, inflammation, angiogenesis, and circadian rhythm. To better understand the role of this nuclear receptor in liver, we aimed at displaying genes controlled by RORα in liver cells by generating HepG2 human hepatoma cells stably over-expressing RORα. Genes whose expression was altered in these cells versus control cells were displayed using micro-arrays followed by qRT-PCR analysis. Expression of these genes was also altered in cells in which RORα was transiently over-expressed after adenoviral infection. A number of the genes found were involved in known pathways controlled by RORα, for instance LPA, NR1D2 and ADIPOQ in lipid metabolism, ADIPOQ and PLG in inflammation, PLG in fibrinolysis and NR1D2 and NR1D1 in circadian rhythm. This study also revealed that genes such as G6PC, involved in glucose homeostasis, and AGRP, involved in the control of body weight, are also controlled by RORα. Lastly, SPARC, involved in cell growth and adhesion, and associated with liver carcinogenesis, was up-regulated by RORα. SPARC was found to be a new putative RORα target gene since it possesses, in its promoter, a functional RORE as evidenced by EMSAs and transfection experiments. Most of the other genes that we found regulated by RORα also contained putative ROREs in their regulatory regions. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) confirmed that the ROREs present in the SPARC, PLG, G6PC, NR1D2 and AGRP genes were occupied by RORα in HepG2 cells. Therefore these genes must now be considered as direct RORα targets. Our results open new routes on the roles of RORα in glucose metabolism and carcinogenesis within cells of hepatic origin

    Assolements avec des plantes nematicides. Lutte contre les nematodes

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    National audienc

    La leishmaniose cutanée humaine en 2010

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    Résumé françaisRésumé anglaisGRENOBLE1-BU Médecine pharm. (385162101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Etude de la toxicite de Fusarium roseum var, Arthrosporioides pour le nematode Meloidogyne arenaria

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    National audienc

    Impact de la diversité des communautés de nématodes phytoparasites sur la durabilité de systèmes de culture maraîchers visant spécifiquement le contrôle des nématodes à galles : de la pertinence d’une approche « diversité ».

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    Ce numéro est constitué d’articles issus du colloque «De la connaissance de la biologie des sols et de ses fonctions, à son pilotage » organisé en partenariat avec l’Ademe et l’AFB, le 18 octobre 2018 à Dijon.Experimental field co-design and evaluation of prototype cropping systems (PCS) combining technicaland varietal innovations were implemented within the framework of the INRA project 'GEDUNEM' for thesustainable management of root-knot nematodes (RKN) under Mediterranean sheltered vegetablesystems. A PCS, alternating sorghum green manure and partially resistant crops (tomato and pepper)during the summer period, was tested at two sites differing in the diversity of their nematodecommunities and their richness in organic matter (OM). The PCS allowed a significant decrease in RKNpopulations in both sites (70 and 99%). However, its efficacy was more sustainable on the richest site inOM, where the global soil nematofauna was the most diversified and abundant, and where nonphytoparasitic nematodes multiplied throughout the experiment. The hypothesis is that the diversity ofnematodes in communities plays a regulatory role by competition between phytoparasitic species and through the contribution of non-phytoparasitic species to soil health. This PCS is currently beingrepeated within the framework of the PEI project 'GONem' where ten sites are monitored over four yearsto improve new PCS and confirm these results.La conception et l’évaluation expérimentale in situ de systèmes de culture prototypes (SCP) combinantdes innovations techniques et variétales ont été mises en œuvre dans le cadre du projet INRA‘GEDUNEM’ pour une gestion durable des nématodes à galles (NG) dans les systèmes maraîchersméditerranéens sous abris. Un SCP, alternant un engrais vert sorgho et des cultures partiellementrésistantes (tomate et piment) en période estivale, a été testé sur deux sites différant par la diversité deleurs communautés de nématodes et leur richesse en matière organique (MO). Le SCP a permis unediminution significative des populations de NG dans les deux sites (70 et 99%). Cependant, sonefficacité a été plus durable dans le site le plus riche en MO, où la nématofaune totale était la plusdiversifiée et abondante, et où les nématodes non phytoparasites se sont multipliés tout au long del’expérimentation. L’hypothèse est que la diversité des nématodes en communautés joue un rôlerégulateur par compétition entre espèces phytoparasites et par contribution des espèces nonphytoparasites à la santé des sols. Ce SCP est actuellement répété dans le cadre du projet PEI‘GONem’ où dix sites sont suivis sur quatre ans pour améliorer de nouveaux SCP et confirmer cesrésultats

    Efficacity of abamectin B1 for the control of Meloidogyne arenaria

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    International audienc

    Nematicidal and nematode-resistant plants

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    International audienc
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