Ultrastructural and Biochemical Alterations of Rat Hepatocytes produced by Chronic Protein Deficiency and Re-alimentation.

Male albino rats of the Wistar strain were fed a protein deficient or protein free diet for a long period and their livers wers studied ultrastructurally and biochemically. The hepatocytes fell into principally degenerative atrophy demonstrating a marked decrease in cytoplasmic organelles. In addition to this, the great majority of the hepatocytes showed marked accumulation of lipid and glycogen in the cytoplasm, while in the nuclei the nuclear inclusions and nucleolar enlargement were observed. These inclusions seemed to be formed through the cytoplasmic invagination and were no longer detected in the recovery stage after re-alimentation with a control diet. It is considered that the existence of the nuclear inclusions reflects a metabolically rather inactive state caused by chronic protein deficiency. It was evident that the protein deficient hepatocytes showed a marked fragility of the intracytoplasmic membranes. This was indicated by the appearance of partial defect of the outer membrane of mitochondria, mitochondriolysis and by an increased availability of lysosomal enzyme in biochemical assay. In the atrophied hepatocytes the Golgi apparatus showed hypertrophy with electron dense contents and glycogen. These findings may indicate the significance of the Golgi-lysosome system as the bypass of VLDL release when excess lipid and glycogen were accumulated. After re-alimentation cytoplasmic organelles showed recovery. On the seventh day the hepatocytes showed mostly normal appearances ultrastructually

ユースサッカーチームへの栄養支援の実践に関する研究 : 継続的栄養支援の効果として選手の食事内容に関する数的分析の試み

An adequate dietary intake is particularly important in young athletes as any deficiency or excess may not only affect performance but also disturb growth. We have been supporting a youth soccer team (player\u27s age;13-15 years) by providing information on adequate dietary intake for growing youth soccer players. However, no data were available concerning the effectiveness of continuous nutritional support for young athletes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of continuing nutritional support for 3 years. For this purpose, we undertook a preliminary semi-quantitative analysis of diet content among team players receiving nutritional supports for 3 years. In practice, adequacy of dietary intake was scored according to how many items from a "Japanese-style diet" were included in breakfast and supper. Eleven items from "Japanese-style diet" were selected for this evaluation. Adequacy was semi-quantitatively compared between the first and third years. Forty-three out of 75 youth players were chosen for semi-quantitative analysis of diet content based on the accuracy of their food intake record, and were divided into three groups on the basis of changes in score for adequacy of dietary intake. The first group (n=9)showed an increased score in the 3rd year compared with the 1st year, the second group (n=24)showed only a slight change and the third group (n=10)showed a decrease in score in the 3rd year, indicating that the nutritional support did not work efficiently for this group. These preliminary results show that continuous nutritional support did not work effectively for all young athletes in this team when adequacy of dietary intake was assessed according to the number of "Japanese-style diet" items; however, the present results further suggest that this "Japanese-style diet" based assessment may help to increase the effectiveness of continuous nutritional support for young athletes. Studies are in progress to improve this "Japanese-style diet" based assessment including item selection and scoring system

女子大生の食事摂取状況とアレルギーとの関連

The purpose of this preliminary study was to investigate the relationship between daily food intake and various allergic diseases; i.e., atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and so on, among young students of the women\u27s university. Food intake was examined using a food frequency questionnaire and the presence of allergic diseases was ascertained by self-statement. The results clearly showed that the amounts of all kinds of vegetables and of oil and fats ingested by the students with allergic diseases were less than those by students without allergic diseases. These observations suggest that certain correlations may exist between the amount of vegetables ingested and the occurrence of allergic diseases. Further study is required to more fully clarify these findings