Creation of myeloma model in balb/c mice: experimental study Balb/c farelerde miyeloma modelinin oluşturulması: Deneysel çalışma

© 2021 by Türkiye Klinikleri.Objective: Multiple myeloma (MM) disease is characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. It represents approximately 1% of all cancers in the world. Individual dissolution foci or diffuse osteopenia are common in the bones. In approximately 3% of the cases, non-bone marrow (extramedullary) involvement may occur and this solid involvement outside the bone marrow is defined as plasmacytoma. Experimental animal studies are widely used to elucidate metabolic and physiological mechanisms. It is more advantageous to use experimental animal models since there are many systemic organ involvement, especially in hematological cancers. We aimed to create a standard animal model for MM which is suitable for new experiments and drug trials. Seven experimental animal groups were created apart from the control group. Different amount of MOPC315 cells (1-2-5x106/200-500 µL) applied to three different regions (subcutaneous right abdominal, intravenous to the tail vessel, intraperitoneal right abdominal), in male (n=10) and female (n=7) BALB/c mice. Insulin injection should not be used. Different waiting times were applied for tumor development (20-30 days). Material and Methods: The control group consisted of 1 male and 1 female mouse. Pathological examination was performed after hematoxylin and eosin staining of organs and suspicious tissues of mice killed by cervical dislocation. Results: According to our study, after cells were injected, pneumonia, which is one of the late symptoms of MM, developed in females, but no tumor was formed. Whereas, after the cell was injected, tumor formation was observed in males. Conclusion: According to our results, we suggest that the standard MM animal model can be created by intraperitoneally injecting of 2x106/500 µL MOPC315 cells into male BALB/c mouse. Our work has been a pioneer in the use of animal experiments in MM disease in Turkey

FOXM1 plays a role in autophagy by transcriptionally regulating Beclin-1 and LC3 genes in human triple-negative breast cancer cells

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with poor prognosis owing to its aggressive and heterogeneous nature, and the lack of therapeutic targets. Although Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) is one of the most important oncogenes contributing to tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance in TNBC, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Emerging evidence indicates that autophagy plays a critical role in cell survival and protective mechanism in TNBC. However, signaling pathways that are involved in the regulation of autophagy remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we examined the role of FOXM1 in regulating autophagy in TNBC cells and found that FOXM1 is upregulated during induction of autophagy. We found that inhibition of FOXM1 suppressed starvation and rapamycin-induced autophagy and expression of the major autophagy regulators, LC3 and Beclin-1. Further studies demonstrated that FOXM1 directly binds to the promotors of LC3 and Beclin-1 genes and transcriptionally regulates their expression by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase gene reporter assays. In conclusion, our study provides the first evidence about the role of FOXM1 in regulating expression of LC3 and Beclin-1 and autophagy in TNBC cells. Our findings provide novel insight into the role of FOXM1 regulation of the autophagic survival pathway and potential molecular target for treating TNBC.Key messages center dot FOXM1 promotes tumorigenesis and progression of TNBC. However, the underlying molecular mechanism by which FOXM1 promotes TNBC tumorigenesis is unclear. The goal of our study was to determine the role of FOXM1 in the regulation of autophagy that plays a role in TNBC progression. Our findings show that FOXM1 binds to promoters of the genes encoding the major autophagy proteins, Beclin and LC3, and provide new insights into the regulation of autophagy, which is being targeted in many clinical trials

TEDAVİ ALMAMIŞ NÖROENDOKRİN TÜMÖR TANILI HASTALARDA DNA HASARININ ARAŞTIRILMASI

Nanodielectrics have been extensively researched in recent years with the expectation that they may enhance electrical performance. In this paper we have studied the electrical conduction processes in linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) filled with nano alumina particles. The electrical conduction was measured at various applied electric fields. It has been found that the conduction current shows a minimum at a 1% b.w. concentration nano alumina particles. To aid an understanding of conduction processes in the nanodielectric, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to analyse the interaction between nano alumina particles and the host matrix. Initial findings suggest that there is an interaction zone around the nano alumina particles. Neighbouring interaction zones are expected to overlap when the percentage of nano alumina particles exceeds 5% in LLDPE