MiR-145 inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell growth by targeting c-Myc and Cdk6

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large group of negative gene regulators that potentially play a critical role in tumorigenesis. Increasing evidences indicate that miR-145 acts a tumor suppressor in numerous human cancers. However, its role in oral carcinogenesis remains poorly defined. The aim of this study is to determine expression levels of miR-145 in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and normal mucosa tissues, and explore its biological functions in OSCCs. METHODS: Reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was used to evaluate expression levels of miR-145. The biological functions of miR-145 were determined by cell proliferation and colony formation, cell cycle and apoptosis, as well as cell invasion assay. RESULTS: MiR-145 was frequently down-regulated in OSCCs compared with normal mucosa tissues. Restoring miR-145 expression in OSCC cells dramatically suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation, and induced G1 phase arrest and cell apoptosis. Importantly, our data showed that miR-145 downregulated the expression of c-Myc and Cdk6, which have previously been identified as two direct targets of miR-145. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that miR-145 exerts its tumor suppressor function by targeting c-Myc and Cdk6, leading to the inhibition of OSCC cell growth. MiR-145 rescue may thus be a rational for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in OSCC

Bidirectional loading hybrid tests of square cross-sections of steel bridge piers

Steel rectangular section columns with stiffened plates are commonly used for elevated highway bridges in the urban areas of Japan. The seismic design of bridge piers is usually performed by dynamic analysis in the horizontal direction using various independent directional seismic acceleration data. However，this simple treatment does not reflect the effect of bilateral loading as a structural response to inelastic interaction. In this study，unidirectional and bidirectional loading hybrid tests were conducted to examine the seismic response and performance of square cross-sections of steel bridge piers subjected to bidirectional seismic accelerations. Comparison of the results of unidirectional and bidirectional loading tests revealed that the maximum load is the same as the average of unidirectional loading in the NS and EW directions ; however， the maximum response displacement and residual displacement increase in proportion with hard to soft ground types. Moreover，a modified seismic design is proposed considering these bidirectional loading effects. Copyright @ 2012 John Wiley & Sons，Ltd

AN APPROXlMATED CURVE HYSTERETIC SIMULATION MODEL FOR SEISMIC RESPONSE OF STEEL BRIDGE PIERS

In this paper，an approximated curve hysteretic model is proposed to predict the seismic response of steel piers under strong ground motion. Instead of multiple stright lines，a series of curves are adopted to descript the complicated force-displacement hysteretic relationship of steel piers. P-δ effect，hardening effect in unloading-reloading hysteretic loops，deterioration characters of steel columns are considered in this model by introducing hysteretic rules and identifying free parameters. To verify the accuracy of the proposed model，six static cyclic tests and eleven hybrid tests using three types of steel pier specimens are conducted under the six strong ground motion records. By comparing the results due to the hybrid tests and the simulation，the average difference between these two is clarified as 5% in maximum response displacement，22% in residual displacement and 3% in energy absorption

The Cubic Curves Hysteresis Model of Steel Bridge Piers for Seismic Response Simulation

In this paper, a cubic type curve approximate hysteretic model for steel bridge pier is proposed. Simple equation curves are used to express restoring force-dislplacement relation of steel piers. The hysteretic rules introduved in this model are established based on the hysteretic characteristics not only observed from quasi-static tests in past, but also based on cunducted fybrid tests in thissyudy. A sesries quasi-static tests and hybrid tests are conducted using 3types of specimens and 6 accelerograms of strong ground motions. By conparing the results of tests and the simulation, it has been testified that this cubic curve type model can simulate the inelastic hysteresis behavior and earthquake response of steel piers in high precise, even in large displacement range where the piers experience local buckling near to collaps

Bi-directional Loading Hybrid Test of Square Section Steel Piers

Bi-directionalloading test are carried out to examine response behavior of square section steel bridge piers under the prescribed ground accelerations in the Design Specification of Road Bridge in Japan. Each of these ground seismic motions has two horizontal components. Both uni-lateral and bi-lateral excitations are imposed to the 2.4m high pier models with the section of 450mm x 450mm. 1t is found from the test results that the bi-lateral excitation deteriorates the lateral bearing force of the piers compared to the uni-lateral loadin

AN APPROXIMATED CURVE HYSTERETIC SIMULATION MODEL FOR SEISMIC RESPONSE OF STEEL BRIDGE PIERS

In this paper，an approximated curve hysteretic model is proposed to predict the seismic response of steel piers under strong ground motion. Instead of multiple straight lines，a series of curves are adopted to descript the complicated force-displacement hysteretic relationship of steel piers. P-δ effect，hardening effect in unloading-reloading hysteretic loops，deterioration characters of steel columns are considered in this model by introducing hysteretic rules and identifying free parameters. To verify the accuracy of the proposed model, six static cyclic tests and eleven hybrid tests using three types of steel pier specimens are conducted under the six strong ground motion records. By comparing the results due to the hybrid tests and the simulation，t he average difference between these two is clarified as 5% in maximum response displacement，22% in residual displacement and 3% in energy absorption

2-Meth­oxy-N′-(2-methoxy­benzyl­idene)benzohydrazide

The title Schiff base compound, C16H16N2O3, was derived from the condensation of 2-methoxy­benzaldehyde with 2-methoxy­benzohydrazide in an ethanol solution. The dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is 87.5 (3)°. In the crystal structure, the mol­ecules are linked into chains running parallel to the a axis by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

A Curve Approximated Hysteresis Model for Steel Bridge Columns

In this paper，a curve approximated hysteresis model for SDF analysis is proposed to predict the nonlinear response of bridges supported by steel columns with suitable scope of severe damaged deterioration domain. Instead of multiple straight lines，a series of curves are adopted to precisely describe complicated force-displacement hysteresis behavior of the column. The P-δ effect, hardeing effect in unloading-reloading hysteresis loops, deterioration of strength and stiffness are taken into account. Parameters of proposed hysteresis model for three types of steel pier specimens used in this study are calibrated by six static cyclic tests. To verify the accuracy of the proposed model, eleven pseudo-dynamic tests are conducted. By comparing the simulation and the test results，the differences between the predicted nonlinear seismic response using the proposed model and pseudo-dynamic tests are found to be， averagely， 5% in maximum response displacement，22% in residual displacement and 4% in the amount of energy dissipation