The Relationship Between CACNA2D1 Gene and Subclinic Mastitis in Holstein Breed Cattle

The CACNA2D1 gene encodes the CACNA2D1 protein and, this protein is involved in the excitation-contraction mechanism of the muscle cells during milk withdrawal, helps the nipples to open and close. Because of this role in physiological mechanism and its relationship with quantitative trait locus (QTL) regions, CACNA2D1 gene is known to be associated with mastitis resistance. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between different three SNP (C367400T, A496561G and G519663A) on the CACNA2D1 gene, and subclinical mastitis in Holstein breed cattle reared in Develi district of Kayseri province. SNPs were genotyped from DNA samples by PCR-RFLP method. In the study, California mastitis test (CMT) data, and distributions of genotypes of the three SNPs on the CACNA2D1 gene were calculated. In the study, genotype distributions were determined in terms of C367400T, A496561G and G519663A SNPs found on the CACNA2D1 gene according to CMT status. The difference between the C367400T, A496561G and G519663A SNPs was not significant (p>0.05). In the study group examined the Chi-square (χ2) analysis conducted, it was observed that the Holstein cattle were in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) in terms of C367400T and A496561G SNPs, deviation from HWE for the G519663A SNP (p<0.05). As a result, it was thought that the CACNA2D1 gene and these SNPs should be evaluated with more samples and different mastitis indicator data in studies on mastitis resistance

Polymorphism of the STAT5A and MYF-5 genes in Anatolian water buffalo

© TÜBITAK.The aim of this study was to determine the genetic variation of MYF-5 and STAT5A genes in Anatolian water buffalo which was the only buffalo breed reared in Turkey by using the PCR-RFLP method. In this study, 120 Anatolian water buffalo were examined. After PCR amplification for MYF-5 gene, 512 bp PCR products were digested with TaqI enzyme. Although no AA genotype was found, the frequency of GG and AG genotypes were 0.77 and 0.33. PCR products of 215 bp for STAT5A gene were digested with AvaI enzyme and showed that all of the Anatolian water buffalo examined had monomorphic in terms of CC genotype. Anatolian water buffalo were found in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with respect to MYF-5-TaqI polymorphism

Türkiye’de yetiştirilen bazı sığır ırklarında MBL-1 gen polimorfizmininaraştırılması

Çiftlik hayvanlarında son yıllarda hastalıklara karşı daha dirençli sürülerin oluşturulması için genetik yöntemlerin kullanılmasına yönelik ilgi giderek artmaktadır. Bu tür çalışmalarda immun sistemde önemli görevlerinden dolayı mannoz bağlayıcı lektin-1 (MBL-1) geni de incelenen genlerden biridir. Sunulan çalışmada araştırma materyali olarak Türkiye’de yetiştirilen yerli sığır ırklarından Zavot (n= 81, Z), Yerli Kara (n= 87, YK), Doğu Anadolu Kırmızısı (n= 72, DAK), Boz ırk (n= 54, BI), Güney Anadolu Kırmızısı (n= 44, GAK) ile Avrupa orijinli sığır ırklarından İsviçre Esmeri (n= 61, BS) ve Simental (n= 65, S) ırkı sığırlar kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada&nbsp;MBL-1geninin intron 1 (1252 G&gt;A) ve ekzon 2 bölgelerinde (2534 G&gt;A, 2569 T&gt;C) bulunan toplam üç tek nükleotid polimorfizmi (SNP) yönünden incelenen sığır ırklarına ait örneklerin genotiplendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda 1252 G&gt;A kodlu SNP yönünden DAK ve S ırklarında (p&lt;0.05); 2534G&gt;A kodlu SNP yönünden YK ve BS ırklarında (p&lt;0.001, p&lt;0.01 sırasıyla) Hardy Weinberg (HWE) dengesinin bozulduğu görülmüştür. 2569 T&gt;C kodlu SNP yönünden ise tüm ırkların HW dengesinde oldukları belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma Türkiye’de yetiştirilen sığır ırklarında&nbsp;MBL-1&nbsp;geninin intron 1 (1252 G&gt;A) ve ekzon 2 bölgelerinde (2534 G&gt;A, 2569 T&gt;C) bulunan SNP’lerin araştırıldığı ilk çalışmadır. Çalışma sonunda bu SNP’ler ile önemli yetiştiricilik hastalıkları arasındaki ilişkilerin araştırıldığı çalışmaların planlanması gerektiği düşünülmüştür.</p

Investigation of the Genetic Relationship between Cattle Breeds Using Known SNPs: The Case of the Zavot Cattle Breed

Abstract: Zavot cattle is one of Türkiye’s native cattle breeds raised in the provinces of Kars and Ardahan in the Northeast Anatolian region. The Zavot cattle breed has emerged as a crossbreed of Simmental, Brown Swiss, and Eastern Anatolian Red cattle breeds. However, there is not enough information about which of the breeds that contribute to the genetic formation of today’s Zavot cattle is closer genetically. In this study, Zavot, East Anatolian Red, Simmental and Brown Swiss cattle were genotyped in term of STAT5A-AvaI, GH-AluI, PRL-RsaI, TLR1-Bs1I and TLR4-BstUI polymorphisms. In the study, 70 cattle of each breed were genotyped. At the end of the genotyping process, it was determined that the Zavot breed was genetically closer to the Eastern Anatolian Red cattle breed. On the other hand, it has been concluded that SNP markers, which are known to be polymorphic, can be used in studies investigating the genetic relationships between breeds

Meta Analysis of Allele and Genotype Frequency of Growth Hormone(bGH) Gene AluI Polymorphism, Which is Effective on Milk Yield inHolstein Cattle

There are studies investigating the relationship between bGH gene Alul polymorphism and milk yield in bovine breeds. In the presented study, the relationship between different genotypes and lactation milk yields was determined by analyzing bGH-Alul genotype and allele frequencies in Holstein breed by meta-analysis method. The study material consisted of studies investigating bGH-Alul polymorphisms that are effective on milk yield in Holstein breed. According to the determined criteria, allele and genotype frequencies of 4583 samples in 20 studies selected from 35 studies and milk yields of 932 samples in 6 studies in which milk yields were calculated according to genotypes were included in the meta analysis. In the study, meta analyzes LL, LV and VV genotypes and L and V alleles and lactation milk yields were performed for bGH gene. The study samples were proved to be unbiased with the Begg and Mazumdar Rank Correlations test and funnel plot. As a result of the study, high heterogeneity was determined between the investigated studies concerning all genotypes (LL, LV and W) and allele frequencies (L and V), thus random effect model was used. Meta analyzes were done with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA). According to the random effect model, pooled ratios in LL, LV and W genotypes are 0.710, 0.260 and 0.030; pooled ratios for L and V allele frequencies were calculated as 0.818 and 0.182 and were found statistically significant (P<0.001). In addition, mean milk yields in LL, LV and VV genotypes were calculated as 6.64, 6.96, 7.13 L x1000 according to meta-analysis and subgroup analysis results, but no significant difference was found (P=0.958). At the end of the study, closer results to the population parameter were obtained regarding the relationship between bGH-Alul polymorphism genotype and milk yield in Holstein cattle with meta-analysis

Meta Analysis of Allele and Genotype Frequency of Growth Hormone (bGH) Gene Alul Polymorphism, Which is Effective on Milk Yield in Holstein Cattle

There are studies investigating the relationship between bGH gene Alul polymorphism and milk yield in bovine breeds. In the presented study, the relationship between different genotypes and lactation milk yields was determined by analyzing bGH-Alul genotype and allele frequencies in Holstein breed by meta-analysis method. The study material consisted of studies investigating bGH-Alul polymorphisms that are effective on milk yield in Holstein breed. According to the determined criteria, allele and genotype frequencies of 4583 samples in 20 studies selected from 35 studies and milk yields of 932 samples in 6 studies in which milk yields were calculated according to genotypes were included in the meta analysis. In the study, meta analyzes LL, LV and VV genotypes and L and V alleles and lactation milk yields were performed for bGH gene. The study samples were proved to be unbiased with the Begg and Mazumdar Rank Correlations test and funnel plot. As a result of the study, high heterogeneity was determined between the investigated studies concerning all genotypes (LL, LV and W) and allele frequencies (L and V), thus random effect model was used. Meta analyzes were done with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA). According to the random effect model, pooled ratios in LL, LV and W genotypes are 0.710, 0.260 and 0.030; pooled ratios for L and V allele frequencies were calculated as 0.818 and 0.182 and were found statistically significant (P<0.001). In addition, mean milk yields in LL, LV and VV genotypes were calculated as 6.64, 6.96, 7.13 L x1000 according to meta-analysis and subgroup analysis results, but no significant difference was found (P=0.958). At the end of the study, closer results to the population parameter were obtained regarding the relationship between bGH-Alul polymorphism genotype and milk yield in Holstein cattle with meta-analysis

Investigation of TLR1-9 genes and miR-155 expression in dogs infected with canine distemper

This study aimed to determine the relationship of toll-like receptor (TLR) 1-9 genes and microRNA (miR) -155 expression levels with hematologic parameters in dogs diagnosed with canine distemper. In the study, two groups were used pre-treatment and post-treatment. Infected dogs were diagnosed with canine distemper with the help of a rapid test kit and Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Based on the correlation coefficients between the expression levels of the genes examined within the scope of the study and hematologic values, a positive correlation was found between the TLR2 gene and the monocyte (MON) value and between the TLR4 gene and the platelet (PLT) value in the pre-treatment group. A strong positive correlation was identified between TLR3 and TLR9 genes and erythrocyte (RBC) and hemoglobin (HGB) values; between TLR5 gene and RBC, HGB and hematocrit (HCT) values and between TLR9 gene and RBC and HGB values in the post-treatment group, on the other hand, a positive correlation was found between TLR1 gene and MON and neutrophil (GRAN) values; between TLR3 gene and HCT value and between TLR9 gene and MON and HCT values. The study concluded that miR-155 and TLR8 gene were upregulated at a statistically significant level (P < 0.05) Posttreatment in dogs infected with canine distemper and there was a positive correlation between the upregulation of miR-155 and the upregulation of TLR8 in the same period. This result suggests that the upregulated miR155 expression post-treatment increased TLR8 gene expression. In the light of these findings, it miR-155 may have the potential to be used in clinical practice in the treatment or prognosis of dogs infected with canine distemper

Investigation of FXID and BLAD Diseases in Holstein Crossbreed Cattles Reared in Turkey

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki Holştayn melezlerinde Sığır Lökosit Bağlanma Eksikliği (BLAD) ve Faktör XI Eksikliği(FXID) kalıtsal hastalıklarına sebep olan mutant allellerin varlığının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada toplam 48baş sığır incelenmiştir. Yapılan moleküler analizlerden sonra incelenen melez sığırların birinin BLAD taşıyıcısı olduğu,FXID taşıyıcısı bireye rastlanılmadığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışma ile bu kalıtsal hastalıkların görüldüğü saf Holştayn ırkıdışında da BLAD ve FXID’ne sebep olan mutant allellerin varlığı araştırılmıştır. Böylece saf Holştayn ırkının haricindede BLAD’a sebep olan mutant allelin varlığı ilk kez gösterilmiştir. Çalışma sonunda özellikle ıslah ve çevirme melezle-melerinde baba hat olarak kullanılacak damızlıkların, önemli kalıtsal hastalıklardan ari olduklarının kontrol edilmesigerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Eğer bu konuda gerekli özen gösterilmez ise daha önce ırka özgü olduğu bilinen kalıtsalhastalıklara (BLAD, FIXID vb.) sebep olan mutant allellerin diğer sığır ırklarına da yayılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.</p