DNA Repair Based Therapy in Oncology and Neurodegeneration

WOS: 000378333000015

Manganese superoxide dismutase gene polymorphism, MnSOD plasma levels and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer

Aim: We aimed to confirm any relation between the manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) polymorphism and risk of ovarian carcinoma as well as to demonstrate any relation between the MnSOD mitochondrial signal sequence polymorphism and plasma MnSOD enzyme levels in women with ovarian carcinoma and healthy subjects

The role of Kallikrein10 (KLK10) polymorphism in prostate cancer susceptibility

Purpose: The present study aims to investigate the potential role of Kallikrein 10 (KLK10) genotype and allele frequencies in predisposition to prostate cancer. Materials and methods: KLK10 (rs7259451) gene polymorphisms were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis in patients with prostate cancer (n=69) and controls (n=76). Results: KLK10 gene frequencies were significantly different in the case and control groups (P = .028). GG carriers were significantly higher in the control group (P = .034), whereas TT carriers were higher in the prostate cancer group (P = .033). Furthermore, The patients with GG genotype had the lowest PSA levels while TT carriers had the highest (P = .005). Conclusion: According to the results, we suggested that carrying variant T allele and also carrying homozygote TT genotype could be a potential risk, while ancestral homozygote GG genotype and G allele are risk reducing factors for prostate cancer.No sponso

Investigation of catechol-o-methyltransferase (comt) gene Val158Met polymorphism in ovarian cancer

Objective: Catechol-o-methyltransferase (comt), the product of the COMT gene, detoxifies the carcinogenic catechol estrogens. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between comt Val158Met polymorphism and the risk of ovarian cancer. Material and methods: The study groups consist of 94 individuals as a patients group with ovarian cancer (n=47) and control group (n=47). The allele and genotype frequencies were determined according to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The allele and genotype frequencies. determined according to HWE. Genetic analysis were performed by real-time-polymerase chain reaction instrument, and the statistical analysis were performed by SPSS program. Results: Although no significant relationship was obtained among groups (p=0.413) regarding comt gene Val158Met polymorphism, the genotype frequencies for comt Val158Met (rs4860) polymorphism in groups was homozygote wild type GG genotype 25.5%, heterozygote GA genotype 46.8%, homozygote mutant AA genotype 27.7%. Conclusion: This study is the first to investigate the relationship between ovarian cancer and the Val158Met polymorphism in the comt gene in a Turkish population. No statistically significant relationship was identified among genotypes belonging to the patient and control groups although sample sizes were relatively small and the analysis should be repeated in a larger cohort.No sponso

Controlled tumor heterogeneity in a co-culture system by 3D bio-printed tumor-on-chip model

Abstract Cancer treatment resistance is a caused by presence of various types of cells and heterogeneity within the tumor. Tumor cell–cell and cell-microenvironment interactions play a significant role in the tumor progression and invasion, which have important implications for diagnosis, and resistance to chemotherapy. In this study, we develop 3D bioprinted in vitro models of the breast cancer tumor microenvironment made of co-cultured cells distributed in a hydrogel matrix with controlled architecture to model tumor heterogeneity. We hypothesize that the tumor could be represented by a cancer cell-laden co-culture hydrogel construct, whereas its microenvironment can be modeled in a microfluidic chip capable of producing a chemical gradient. Breast cancer cells (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) and non-tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) were embedded in the alginate-gelatine hydrogels and printed using a multi-cartridge extrusion bioprinter. Our approach allows for precise control over position and arrangements of cells in a co-culture system, enabling the design of various tumor architectures. We created samples with two different types of cells at specific initial locations, where the density of each cell type was carefully controlled. The cells were either randomly mixed or positioned in sequential layers to create cellular heterogeneity. To study cell migration toward chemoattractant, we developed a chemical microenvironment in a chamber with a gradual chemical gradient. As a proof of concept, we studied different migration patterns of MDA-MB-231 cells toward the epithelial growth factor gradient in presence of MCF10A cells in different ratios using this device. Our approach involves the integration of 3D bioprinting and microfluidic devices to create diverse tumor architectures that are representative of those found in various patients. This provides an excellent tool for studying the behavior of cancer cells with high spatial and temporal resolution

The effects of endothelial lipase gene (LIPG) variants on inflammation marker levels and atherosclerosis development

Atherosclerosis is a major pathological process related with several important adverse vascular events including coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. Endothelial lipase is an enzyme the activity of which affects all of lipoproteins, whereas HDL is the main substrate. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of endothelial lipase gene polymorphism and inflammation markers (CRP, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha) in the atherosclerosis. 104 patients with atherosclerosis and 76 healthy individuals were included in the study. LIPG -584C/T polymorphism gene polymorphisms were assessed with PCR-RFLP method. The serum CRP levels were measured by turbidimetric method using a biochemistry autoanalyzer, whereas serum IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In this study, we found that the frequencies of TC genotype are more prevalent in patients than controls. We found a statistically significant difference of IL-6 levels between patient and control group. Our findings suggest that T allele might play a potential role in the susceptibility to atherogenesis in the Turkish population