Power Corrections in Charmless B Decays

In this paper, we focus on the role of power corrections in QCD factorization(QCDF) method in charmless two-body nonleptonic $B$ meson decays. We use the ratio of the branching fraction of $B^+ \to \pi^+ K^{\ast 0}$ to that of $B^0 \to \pi^- \rho^+$, for which the theoretical uncertainties are greatly reduced, to show clearly that the power corrections in charmless B decays are probably large. With other similar ratios considered, for example, for the $B^0 \to K^- \rho^+$ decay, it is very likely that, among various sources of power corrections, annihilation topology plays an indispensable role at least for penguin dominated $\rm PV$ channels. We also consider some selective ratios of direct CP asymmetries. Among these, we find that, if power corrections other than the chirally enhanced power corrections and annihilation topology were negligible, QCDF would predict the direct CP asymmetry of $B \to \pi^+ \pi^-$ to be about 3 times larger than that of $B \to \pi^\pm K^\mp$, with opposite sign. Experimentally any significant deviation from this prediction would suggest either new physics or possibly the importance of long-distance rescattering effects.Comment: references and note added, to appear in Phys. Rev.

CP violation for neutral charmed meson decays to CP eigenstates

CP asymmetries for neutral charmed meson decays to CP eigenstates are carefully studied. The formulas and numerical results are presented. The impact on experiments is briefly discussed.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, Revte

Impact of Subleading Corrections on Hadronic B Decays

We study the subleading corrections originating from the 3-parton (q\bar q g) Fock states of final-state mesons in B decays. The corrections could give significant contributions to decays involving an \omega or \eta^{(\prime)} in the final states. Our results indicate the similarity of \omega K and \omega \pi^- rates, of order 5\times 10^{-6}, consistent with the recent measurements. We obtain a_2(B\to J/\psi K)\approx 0.27+0.05i, in good agreement with data. Without resorting to the unknown singlet annihilation effects, 3-parton Fock state contributions can enhance the branching ratios of K\eta' to the level above 50\times 10^{-6}.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, revtex4; some typos corrected, a new figure and a reference added, more explanations for the calculation provided, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Implications of Recent Measurements of Hadronic Charmless B Decays

Implications of recent CLEO measurements of hadronic charmless B decays are discussed. (i) Employing the Bauer-Stech-Wirbel (BSW) model for form factors as a benchmark, the $B\to\pi^+\pi^-$ data indicate that the form factor $F_0^{B\pi}(0)$ is smaller than that predicted by the BSW model, whereas the data of $B\to\omega\pi, K^*\eta$ imply that the form factors $A_0^{B\omega}(0), A_0^{BK^*}(0)$ are greater than the BSW model's values. (ii) The tree-dominated modes $B\to\pi^+\pi^-, \rho^0\pi^\pm, \omega\pi^\pm$ imply that the effective number of colors N_c(LL) for (V-A)(V-A) operators is preferred to be smaller, while the current limit on $B\to\phi K$ shows that N_c(LR)>3. The data of $B\to K\eta'$ and $K^*\eta$ clearly indicate that $N_c(LR)\gg N_c(LL)$. (iii) In order to understand the observed suppression of $\pi^+\pi^-$ and non-suppression of $K\pi$ modes, both being governed by the form factor $F_0^{B\pi}$, the unitarity angle $\gamma$ is preferred to be greater than $90^\circ$. By contrast, the new measurement of $B^\pm\to\rho^0\pi^\pm$ no longer strongly favors $\cos\gamma<0$. (iv) The observed pattern K^-\pi^+\sim \ov K^0\pi^-\sim {2\over 3}K^-\pi^0 is consistent with the theoretical expectation: The constructive interference between electroweak and QCD penguin diagrams in the $K^-\pi^0$ mode explains why {\cal B}(B^-\to K^-\pi^0)>{1\over 2}{\cal B}(\ov B^0\to K^-\pi^+). (v) The observation \nc(LL)<3<\nc(LR) and our preference for \nc(LL)\sim 2 and \nc(LR)\sim 6 are justified by a recent perturbative QCD calculation of hadronic rare B decays in the heavy quark limit.Comment: 21 pages; CLEO measurements of several charmless B decay modes are updated. Discussion of the unitarity angle gamma in the \rho\pi mode is revise

Male reproductive complications of diabetes mellitus and possible medicinal plant remedies: a review

Objective: Male reproductive dysfunction and subsequent infertility are major complications that are becoming increasingly associated with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Due to frequent failure in treatment with orthodox antidiabetic drugs, there has been a massive shift of attention to alternative therapies. The antidiabetic potential of a large number of medicinal plants have been investigated both in-vitro and in experimental animal models. These specific plants were predominantly used because of the antioxidant capacity of their bioactive phytoconstituents. This review focuses on reproductive dysfunctions commonly suffered by male diabetic patients and medicinal plants that have been tested and reported for their roles in ameliorating such dysfunctions.Method: All original journal articles and reviews cited on PubMed between 2005 and 2015 in English language were considered for this review.Results and conclusion: This review reestablished the fact that male infertility is a common complication of poorly managed diabetes mellitus. It also highlighted the fact that the numerous challenges associated with the use of orthodox drugs in management of the disease makes medicinal plant therapy inevitable. However, the full potentials of these medicinal plants at correcting reproductive complications of the disease are still to be realized and more specific studies are required in this field for improved therapeutic outcomes.Keywords: Diabetes, Complications, Medicinal Plants, Erectile dysfunction, Remedie

Phenomenological Analysis of B->PP Decays with QCD Factorization

In this paper, we study nonleptonic charmless B decays to two light pseudoscalar mesons within the frame of QCD factorization, including the contributions from the chirally enhanced power corrections and weak annihilation. Predictions for the CP-averaged branching ratios and CP-violating asymmetries are given. Within the reasonable range of the parameters, we find that our predictions for the branching ratios of B -> PP are consistent with the present experimental data. But because of the logarithmic divergences at the endpoints in the hard spectator scatterings and weak annihilation, there are still large uncertainties in these predictions.Comment: 34 pages, 5 figures. to appear in PR

Space-like Penguin Effects in B→PPB \to PP Decays

The space-like penguin contributions to branching ratios and CP asymmetries in charmless decays of $B$ to two pseudoscalar mesons are studied using the next-to-leading order low energy effective Hamiltonian. Both the gluonic penguin and the electroweak penguin diagrams are considered. We find that the effects are significant.Comment: 18 pages, LaTex file, 2 figure

Charmless Bˉs→VV\bar{B}_s\to VV Decays in QCD Factorization

The two body charmless decays of $B_s$ meson to light vector mesons are analyzed within the framework of QCD factorization. This approach implies that the nonfactorizable corrections to different helicity amplitudes are not the same. The effective parameters $a_i^h$ for helicity $h=0,+,-$ states receive different nonfactorizable contributions and hence are helicity dependent, contrary to naive factorization approach where $a_i^h$ are universal and polarization independent. The branching ratios for $\bar{B}_s\to VV$ decays are calculated and we find that branching ratios of some channels are of order $10^{-5}$, which are measurable at future experiments. The transverse to total decay rate $\Gamma_T/\Gamma$ is also evaluated and found to be very small for most decay modes, so, in charmless $\bar{B}_s\to VV$ decays, both light vector mesons tend to have zero helicity.Comment: 16pages. Typos and mistakes fixed. Numerical results change

Charming penguin contributions to charmless B decays into two pseudoscalar mesons

We present estimates of the charming penguin contribution to B => K pi, pi pi,K eta, K eta' decays due to intermediate charmed meson states. We find that this contribution is indeed significant for B => K pi decays, and its inclusion, together with the tree and penguin terms, produces large branching ratios in agreement with data, though the analysis is affected by large theoretical uncertainties. On the other hand, for B => pi pi, K eta, K eta' decays, the effect of the charming penguin contribution is more modest. We also compute CP asymmetries for B => K pi, pi pi decays and we obtain rather large results.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX2e with epsfig. Minor changes in the text, this version will appear in Phys. Rev.

Predicting leptonic CP violation in the light of Daya Bay result

In the light of the recent Daya Bay result the reactor angle is about 9 degrees, we reconsider the model presented in arXiv:1005.3482 showing that, when all neutrino oscillation parameters are taken at their best fit values of Schwetz et al and the reactor angle to be the central value of Daya Bay, the predicted value of the CP phase is approximately 45 degrees.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, update of arXiv:1005.348