A summary of the key attributes of light-induced retinal damage across the albino rat retina

The dorsoventral gradient of alterations manifested over time. At late stages, normal retina is restricted to ventral retina near the ora terminalis. The bulk of intact retina is () survivor retina with shortened photoreceptors. At early stages, zones of () stressed retina with stressed photoreceptors are large but then contract to a thin rim near the light damage (LD) margin. Also at early stages, transient buckling () appears at the junction of intact retina and the LD margin () as photoreceptors continue to produce outer segment material, but retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) cells are compromised. LD retina forms () remodeling zones with internal revisions such as neuronal migration, microneuromas and fluid channel formation; () emigration sites with aggressive migration of retina cells into the remnant choroid, leaving behind decimated zones with severely depleted retinas. Abbreviations: BCs represents bipolar cells, ACs represents amacrine cells, GCs represents ganglion cells, CC represents choriocapillaris, MCs represents Müller cells.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Extreme retinal remodeling triggered by light damage: implications for age related macular degeneration"</p><p></p><p> 2008;14():782-805.</p><p>Published online 25 Apr 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2375357.</p><p></p

Glutamine profiles across the Survivor-light damage (LD)-Decimation gradient

Visualization: Quantitative gray-scale images of glutamine signals displayed as intensity. Up arrows, remnant retina-choroid interface; downward arrow is the small high glutamine seal region. The bottom panel is 0.579 mm wide and shows isolated glutamine gradients in retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), choroid, seal, emigrant and decimated zones. All decimated zones show large numbers of holes (see Methods). Sample metadata: SD Rat, age at LX 60 d, animal #P240–2L-24, left eye, 24 h LX, harvested at 240 days pLX, bloc code 6685, slide code 3518.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Extreme retinal remodeling triggered by light damage: implications for age related macular degeneration"</p><p></p><p> 2008;14():782-805.</p><p>Published online 25 Apr 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2375357.</p><p></p

Γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) profiles across the survivor-light damage (LD)-Decimation gradient

Visualization: Quantitative gray-scale images of GABA signals displayed as intensity. Boxes denotes large aggregates of emigrant GABA+ cells and processes in the decimated zone. The panel is 0.779 mm wide. Note the severe loss of GABA signals in the decimation zone. Sample metadata: SD Rat, age at LX 60 d, animal #P240–2L-24, left eye, 24 h LX, harvested at 240 days pLX, bloc code 6685, slide code 3518.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Extreme retinal remodeling triggered by light damage: implications for age related macular degeneration"</p><p></p><p> 2008;14():782-805.</p><p>Published online 25 Apr 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2375357.</p><p></p

Glutamine and cytosolic retinal binding protein (CRALBP) gradients in survivor, light damage, and decimated retina

Visualization: Quantitative gray-scale images of molecular signals displayed as intensity. Boxes indicate selected regions illustrating characteristic local features. The data set derives from a single 200 nm section over 5 mm long; segments between 0.496 and 4.46 mm are shown. 0.496–0.893 mm: Ventral survivor retina displays normal cytosolic retinal binding protein (CRALBP) and glutamine signatures. Rod opsin signals of boxed region are shown in panel 1.249–1.787 mm: Central survivor-light damage (LD) transition (upward arrow) shows Müller cell (MC) hypertrophy and elevated distal seal CRALBP and glutamine signals in LD zone. Rod opsin signals of boxed region are shown in panel Upward arrow denotes seal border. 1.888–2.774 mm: Dorsal LD retina has a nearly confluent seal with focal emigration clusters. CRALBP and glutamine signals of early emigrant cells are compared in panels 3.520–4.460 mm: Dorsal decimated retina shows loss of the glutamine seal and massive emigration. Over 50% of the retinal mass has moved into the choroid. CRALBP and glutamine signals of late emigrant cells are compared in panels and : Rod opsin rhodopsin 1D4 in survivor retina B: Rod opsin rhodopsin 1D4 in LD retina : CRALBP in early emigrant cells of LD zone. Upward arrows denote seal. Glutamine in early emigrant cells of LD zone. Upward arrows denote seal. CRALBP signals are depressed in late emigrant cells of LD zone. Downward arrows denote seal. Glutamine signals remain high in late emigrant cells of LD zone. Downward arrows denote seal. Sample metadata: SD Rat, age at LX 60 d, animal #P180–2R-48–120, right eye, 48 h LX, harvested at 120 days pLX, bloc code 6627, slide code 5223.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Extreme retinal remodeling triggered by light damage: implications for age related macular degeneration"</p><p></p><p> 2008;14():782-805.</p><p>Published online 25 Apr 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2375357.</p><p></p