Sampling Plan For The Brazilian Taco Poject

The TACO project (Brazilian Table of Food Composition), sponsored by the Brazilian Ministry of Health and executed by NEPA-UNICAMP (Center for Studies and Research on Foods-State University of Campinas), is generating new data on the most consumed foods in Brazil, based on a national sampling plan and analyses carried out by laboratories with demonstrated laboratory capability in nutrient analysis. Key foods have been chosen according to a national multicentric survey of food consumption, starting with 200 food items. The sampling plan covers nine cities in the five official Brazilian geopolitical regions (North, Northeast, South, Southeast and Centralwest), corresponding to approximately 16.8 million inhabitants out of a total Brazilian population of about 170 million. Samples of principal brands (maximum of five for each food) are collected from supermarkets/hypermarkets where 84-85% of total food purchases are made by the Brazilian population. Two units of each principal brand of each product are taken at each sampling site. The total units for each food from all regions are mixed and packed in cans, and three final composites of 100-200 g for each food are sent for analyses in approved laboratories. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.154499505Cohran, W.G., Sampling Techniques (1977), John Wiley & Sons, New YorkDomene, S.M.A., Lima, D.M., Padovani, R.M., Lajolo, F.M., Taddei, J.A.A.C., Galeazzi, M.A.M., TACO project-Brazilian food composition database (1999), Paper presented at the Third International Food Data Conference, RomeFranco, G.V.E., (1982) Nutrição: Texto Básico e Tabela de Composição Quimica dos Alimentos, , 6th edn. Atheneu, São PauloGaleazzi, M.A.M., Domene, S.M.A., Sichieri, R., Estudo multicêntrico sobre consumo alimentar (1997) Caderno de Debates, pp. 1-62. , (Eds.) special volumeGaleazzi, M.A.M., Domene, S.M.A., Zabotto, C., Inquérito de consumo alimentar familiar de Belém (1998), Relatório Ténico para o Centro Colaborador da Região Norte, Ministério da SaúdeGaleazzi, M.A.M., Falconi, P.J., (1998), Inquérito de consumo alimentar familiar (INCAF) de Brasília. Relatório Técnico para Secretaria de Saúde do DF(1977), IBGE. Estudo Nacional de Despesa Familiar-ENDEF: Tabela de Composição de Alimentos. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Rio de Janeiro(2000), http://www.ibge.gov.br, IBGE. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Retrieved June 3, 2002 from the World Wide Web: Censo DemográficoPehrsson, P.R., Haytowitz, D.B., Holden, J.M., Perry, C.R., Beckler, D.G., USDA's national food and nutrient analysis program: Food sampling (2000) J. Food Comp. Anal, 13, pp. 379-389Rodriguez-Amaya, D.B., Colugnati, F.A.B., Padovani, R.M., Lima, D.M., Galeazzi, M.A.M., Evaluation of the laboratory capability in Brazil (2001), Paper presented at the Fourth International Food Data Base Conference, BratislavaSouza, R.A.M., de Silva, R.O.P., Mandelli, C.S., Tasco, A.M.P., Comercialização hortícola: Análise de alguns setores do Mercado varejista de São Paulo (1998) Inform. Econ, 28, pp. 7-23(2001) Tabela Brasileira de Composição de Alimentos, , http://www.fcf.usp.br/tabe, USP. Universidade de São Paulo. Retrieved on June 4, 2002 from the World Wide We

Influence of antihypertensive drugs on aortic and coronary effects of Ang-(1-7) in pressure-overloaded rats

This study investigated the influence of antihypertensive drugs, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), AT1 receptor blockers (ARBs), voltage-gated L-type calcium channel blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), on the effects of angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] on aorta and coronary arteries from pressure-overloaded rats. Pressure overload was induced by abdominal aortic banding (AB). To evaluate the role of antihypertensive drugs on the effect of Ang-(1-7), AB male Wistar rats weighing 250–300 g were treated with vehicle or low doses (5 mg·kg-1·day-1, gavage) of losartan, captopril, amlodipine, or spironolactone. Isolated aortic rings and isolated perfused hearts under constant flow were used to evaluate the effect of Ang-(1-7) in thoracic aorta and coronary arteries, respectively. Ang-(1-7) induced a significant relaxation in the aorta of sham animals, but this effect was reduced in the aortas of AB rats. Chronic treatments with losartan, captopril or amlodipine, but not with spironolactone, restored the Ang-(1-7)-induced aorta relaxation in AB rats. The coronary vasodilatation evoked by Ang-(1-7) in sham rats was blunted in hypertrophic rats. Only the treatment with losartan restored the coronary vasodilatory effect of Ang-(1-7) in AB rat hearts. These data support a beneficial vascular effect of an association of Ang-(1-7) and some antihypertensive drugs. Thus, this association may have potential as a new therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases