Local invariants of braiding quantum gates -- associated link polynomials and entangling power

For a generic n-qubit system, local invariants under the action of SL(2,C)⊗n characterize non-local properties of entanglement. In general, such properties are not immediately apparent and hard to construct. Here we consider two-qubit Yang-Baxter operators and show that their eigenvalues completely determine the non-local properties of the system. Moreover, we apply the Turaev procedure to these operators and obtain their associated link/knot polynomials. We also compute their entangling power and compare it with that of a generic two-qubit operator

Quark-antiquark potential in defect conformal field theory

We consider antiparallel Wilson lines in N = 4 super Yang-Mills in the presence of a codimension-1 defect. We compute the Wilson lines’ expectation value both at weak coupling, in the gauge theory, and at strong coupling, by finding the string configurations which are dual to this operator. These configurations display a Gross-Ooguri transition between a connected, U-shaped string phase and a phase in which the string breaks into two disconnected surfaces. We analyze in detail the critical configurations separating the two phases and compare the string result with the gauge theory one in a certain double scaling limit

Braiding quantum gates from partition algebras

Unitary braiding operators can be used as robust entangling quantum gates. We introduce a solution-generating technique to solve the (d,m,l)-generalized Yang-Baxter equation, for m/2 64l 64m, which allows to systematically construct such braiding operators. This is achieved by using partition algebras, a generalization of the Temperley-Lieb algebra encountered in statistical mechanics. We obtain families of unitary and non-unitary braiding operators that generate the full braid group. Explicit examples are given for a 2-, 3-, and 4-qubit system, including the classification of the entangled states generated by these operators based on Stochastic Local Operations and Classical Communication

Interpolating Bremsstrahlung function in ABJM

In ABJM theory, enriched RG flows between circular 1/6 BPS bosonic and 1/2 BPS fermionic Wilson loops have been introduced in arXiv:2211.16501. These flows are triggered by deformations corresponding to parametric 1/6 BPS fermionic loops. In this paper we revisit the study of these operators, but instead of circular contours we consider an interpolating cusped line and a latitude and study their RG flow in perturbation theory. This allows for the definition of a Bremsstrahlung function away from fixed points. We generalize to this case the known cusp/latitude correspondence that relates the Bremsstrahlung function to a latitude Wilson loop. We find that away from the conformal fixed points the ordinary identity is broken by the conformal anomaly in a controlled way. From a defect perspective, the breaking of the correspondence can be traced back to the appearance of an anomalous dimension for fermionic operators localized on the defect. As a by-product, we provide a brand new result for the two-loop cusp anomalous dimension of the 1/6 BPS fermionic and the 1/6 BPS bosonic Wilson lines

Topological Quantum Computation on Supersymmetric Spin Chains

Quantum gates built out of braid group elements form the building blocks of topological quantum computation. They have been extensively studied in SU(2)k quantum group theories, a rich source of examples of non-Abelian anyons such as the Ising (k=2), Fibonacci (k=3) and Jones-Kauffman (k=4) anyons. We show that the fusion spaces of these anyonic systems can be precisely mapped to the product state zero modes of certain Nicolai-like supersymmetric spin chains. As a result, we can realize the braid group on the product state zero modes of these supersymmetric systems. These operators kill all the other states in the Hilbert space, thus preventing the occurrence of errors while processing information, making them suitable for quantum computing

Dynamical tachyons on fuzzy spheres

We study the spectrum of off-diagonal fluctuations between displaced fuzzy spheres in the BMN plane wave matrix model. The displacement is along the plane of the fuzzy spheres. We find that when two fuzzy spheres intersect at angles classical tachyons develop and that the spectrum of these modes can be computed analytically. These tachyons can be related to the familiar Nielsen-Olesen instabilities in Yang-Mills theory on a constant magnetic background. Many features of the problem become more apparent when we compare with maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills on a sphere, of which this system is a truncation. We also set up a simple oscillatory trajectory on the displacement between the fuzzy spheres and study the dynamics of the modes as they become tachyonic for part of the oscillations. We speculate on their role regarding the possible thermalization of the system.Comment: 34 pages, 4 figures; v2: 35 pages, expanded sec. 4.3, added reference

Conformal and non-conformal hyperloop deformations of the 1/2 BPS circle

We construct new large classes of BPS Wilson hyperloops in three-dimensional N=4 quiver Chern-Simons-matter theory on S3. The main strategy is to start with the 1/2 BPS Wilson loop of this theory, choose any linear combination of the supercharges it preserves, and look for deformations built out of the matter fields that still preserve that supercharge. This is a powerful generalization of a recently developed approach based on deformations of 1/4 and 1/8 BPS bosonic loops, which itself was far more effective at discovering new operators than older methods relying on complicated ansatze. We discover many new moduli spaces of BPS hyperloops preserving varied numbers of supersymmetries and varied subsets of the symmetries of the 1/2 BPS operator. In particular, we find new bosonic operators preserving 2 or 3 supercharges as well as new families of loops that do not share supercharges with any bosonic loops, including subclasses of both 1/8 and 1/4 BPS loops that are conformal

Operator product expansion of higher rank Wilson loops from D-branes and matrix models

In this paper we study correlation functions of circular Wilson loops in higher dimensional representations with chiral primary operators of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. This is done using the recently established relation between higher rank Wilson loops in gauge theory and D-branes with electric fluxes in supergravity. We verify our results with a matrix model computation, finding perfect agreement in both the symmetric and the antisymmetric case.Comment: 28 pages, latex; v2: minor misprints corrected, references adde

Instantons and Matter in N=1/2 Supersymmetric Gauge Theory

We extend the instanton calculus for N=1/2 U(2) supersymmetric gauge theory by including one massless flavor. We write the equations of motion at leading order in the coupling constant and we solve them exactly in the non(anti)commutativity parameter C. The profile of the matter superfield is deformed through linear and quadratic corrections in C. Higher order corrections are absent because of the fermionic nature of the back-reaction. The instanton effective action, in addition to the usual 't Hooft term, includes a contribution of order C^2 and is N=1/2 invariant. We argue that the N=1 result for the gluino condensate is not modified by the presence of the new term in the effective action.Comment: 33 pages, harvmac; v2: minor changes, added references; v3: added analysis of the instanton measure in section

Quarkonium dissociation by anisotropy

We compute the screening length for quarkonium mesons moving through an anisotropic, strongly coupled N=4 super Yang-Mills plasma by means of its gravity dual. We present the results for arbitrary velocities and orientations of the mesons, as well as for arbitrary values of the anisotropy. The anisotropic screening length can be larger or smaller than the isotropic one, and this depends on whether the comparison is made at equal temperatures or at equal entropy densities. For generic motion we find that: (i) mesons dissociate above a certain critical value of the anisotropy, even at zero temperature; (ii) there is a limiting velocity for mesons in the plasma, even at zero temperature; (iii) in the ultra-relativistic limit the screening length scales as $(1-v^2)^\epsilon$ with \epsilon =1/2, in contrast with the isotropic result \epsilon =1/4.Comment: 39 pages, 26 figures; v2: minor changes, added reference