Bouncing Forward Sustainably: Pathways to a post-COVID World. Strengthening Science Systems. Systems map.

Systems map depicting interlinkages among major issues relevant for the agility, reliability and science-policy-society interface as three dimensions of potential improvement of the science system to enhance its capability to respond to crises triggered by extreme events like COVID-19

Bouncing Forward Sustainably: Pathways to a post-COVID World. Strengthening Science Systems

This Background Paper was prepared to frame the discussion in the 1st Consultation on Strengthening Science Systems within the IIASA-ISC Consultative Science Platform “Bouncing Forward Sustainably: Pathways to a post-COVID-19 world”. The paper briefly discusses the response of science and scientists to the COVID-19 crisis, the dissemination of research results and the input of the science community into public policy. While science responded fairly rapidly with appropriate research and the communication of research to the public and to policy makers, there is clear room for improvement. Drawing from the experience of the COVID-19 crisis, three axes of improvement are identified, namely increased agility, enhanced reliability, and a more effective science-policy-society interface. The paper identifies barriers that constrain and inhibit the effectiveness and efficiency of the science system in terms of these three axes. The barriers include misinformation and pseudoscience; the lack of access to data and to mathematical models; the slow pace of peer review; funding challenges both overall and in efficient allocation to critical issues; public trust in, and understanding of, science. Finally, in relation to science for policy, there are issues of transparency, contestation between scientists proffering advice, the need to widen the disciplinary base of science advice and the importance of adopting an interdisciplinary and systemic approach

From Pathogens to People: Enhancing Reporting and Surveillance for more Effective Control of Disease Outbreaks

Infectious disease outbreaks are a threat to global health and security. Current systems for early and effective reporting and monitoring of pathogens and other health threats, and high-quality surveillance of human diseases, face a number of challenges including incomplete and fragmented early warning and governance systems that are under-incentivised and under-resourced. We propose a number of opportunities for the G20 leaders to address these challenges, including: (1) establishing an ‘Emerging Health Threat Data Platform’ as a public good for independent, co-ordinated and scientist-led reporting and surveillance of pathogens; (2) supporting the development of a framework to incentivise scientists to participate in the platform and; (3) enhancing population health surveillance and vital registration systems through technical and financial investments in both the short and longer term

Challenges and Progress in improving Safety and Managing Radioactive Wastes at Chornobyl NPP and in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone

The commissioning of the New Safe Confinement at the Chornobyl Nuclear Plant Unit 4 site will mark the achievement of one important milestone within the process “conversion of the Chornobyl Unit 4 into safe ecologic conditions”. New radioactive waste management facilities have been developed at Chornobyl Nuclear Plant and at Vektor Complex to ensure the safe management of radioactive wastes in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone. The continued investigations and safety assessments of different legacy waste sites which were created as part of the accident response measures confirm the efficiency of the measures of the past are and consolidate the basis for the strategy for the safe management of legacy wastes. All these together demonstrates that the national and international efforts vested to manage the consequences of the Chornobyl accident have achieved substantial and visible progress in safety and long term safety will be achieved by their consistent continuation.Уведення в експлуатацію нового безпечного конфайнмента на майданчику № 4 ЧАЕС ознаменує досягнення однієї важливої віхи у процесі перетворення чорнобильського енергоблока № 4 на екологічну безпечну систему. Нові об'єкти з поводження з радіоактивними відходами були розроблені на ЧАЕС і в комплексі "Вектор" для забезпечення безпечного поводження з радіоактивними відходами в чорнобильській зоні відчуження. Тривалі дослідження та оцінки безпеки різних майданчиків відходів, що були створені в рамках робіт із мінімізації наслідків катастрофи, підтверджують ефективність заходів, проведених у минулому та формують основу стратегії безпечного поводження з відходами, що залишились у спадщину. Усе це разом показує, що національні та міжнародні зусилля, спрямовані на контроль впливу наслідків Чорнобильської аварії, досягли суттєвого й помітного прогресу в галузі безпеки, і довгострокова безпека буде досягнута завдяки їхньому послідовному продовженню.Введение в эксплуатацию нового безопасного конфайнмента на площадке № 4 ЧАЭС ознаменует достижение важной вехи в процессе преобразования чернобыльского энергоблока № 4 в экологически безопасную систему. Новые объекты по обращению с радиоактивными отходами были построены на ЧАЭС и в комплексе "Вектор" для обеспечения безопасного обращения с радиоактивными отходами в чернобыльской зоне отчуждения. Длительные исследования и оценки безопасности различных наследственных площадок отходов, которые были созданы в рамках мероприятий по реагированию на катастрофу, подтверждают эффективность мер прошлого и закрепляют основу стратегии безопасного обращения с наследственными отходами. Все это вместе показывает, что национальные и международные усилия, направленные на контроль над воздействиями последствий Чернобыльской аварии, достигли существенного и заметного прогресса в области безопасности, и долгосрочная безопасность будет достигнута благодаря их последовательному продлению

Magnetic field correlations in a random flow with strong steady shear

We analyze magnetic kinematic dynamo in a conducting fluid where the stationary shear flow is accompanied by relatively weak random velocity fluctuations. The diffusionless and diffusion regimes are described. The growth rates of the magnetic field moments are related to the statistical characteristics of the flow describing divergence of the Lagrangian trajectories. The magnetic field correlation functions are examined, we establish their growth rates and scaling behavior. General assertions are illustrated by explicit solution of the model where the velocity field is short-correlated in time

Quantum Spectral Curve at Work: From Small Spin to Strong Coupling in N=4 SYM

We apply the recently proposed quantum spectral curve technique to the study of twist operators in planar N=4 SYM theory. We focus on the small spin expansion of anomalous dimensions in the sl(2) sector and compute its first two orders exactly for any value of the 't Hooft coupling. At leading order in the spin S we reproduced Basso's slope function. The next term of order S^2 structurally resembles the Beisert-Eden-Staudacher dressing phase and takes into account wrapping contributions. This expansion contains rich information about the spectrum of local operators at strong coupling. In particular, we found a new coefficient in the strong coupling expansion of the Konishi operator dimension and confirmed several previously known terms. We also obtained several new orders of the strong coupling expansion of the BFKL pomeron intercept. As a by-product we formulated a prescription for the correct analytical continuation in S which opens a way for deriving the BFKL regime of twist two anomalous dimensions from AdS/CFT integrability.Comment: 53 pages, references added; v3: due to a typo in the coefficients C_2 and D_2 on page 29 we corrected the rational part of the strong coupling predictions in equations (1.5-6), (6.22-24), (6.27-30) and in Table

Определение параметров электромагнитного импульса, управляющего процессом каплеобразования при сварке плавящимся электродом

Regularities on destruction of a conducting non-magnetic jet have been determined within  the limits of magnetic hydrodynamics model when the jet was subjected to longitudinal and azimuthal magnetic fields. The obtained regularities of the process makes it possible to apply them efficiently for controlling parameters of metallurgical processes and metal-transfer process at welding.В рамках модели магнитной гидродинамики установлены закономерности разрушения проводящей немагнитной струи в условиях воздействия на нее продольного и азимутального магнитных полей. Установленные закономерности процесса позволяют эффективно применять их для управления параметрами металлургических процессов и процесса металлопереноса при сварке