Anotação de genes relacionados à tolerância a seca em arroz (Oryza sativa) de terras altas.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar e anotar os genes expressos em resposta ao déficit hídrico em tecido foliar de duas cultivares brasileiras de arroz de terras altas, a cultivar tolerante à seca Douradão e a cultivar sensível Primavera.Apresentação oral - Pós-graduação

Análise do transcriptoma de arroz (Oryza sativa) cultivado sob déficit hídrico.

Neste trabalho analisamos a expressão dos genes relacionados à resposta ao déficit hídrido em tecido foliar de duas cultivares brasileiras de arroz de terras altas, a cultivar tolerante Douradão e a cultivar sensível BRS Primavera. Pela análise de RNA-seq foram identificados em Douradão 27.618 transcritos, sendo 24.090 (87,2%) homólogos ao banco de dados de arroz, enquanto que para BRS Primavera dos 27.221 transcritos 23.663 (86,9%) apresentaram homologia no banco de dados

Supplementation of Lactating Cows Grazing Stargrass (\u3ci\u3eCynodon nlenfuensis var. nlenfuensis\u3c/i\u3e) with Conjugated Linoleic Acid: Effects on Persistency and Estimated Net Energy Balance

Thirty crossbread cows grazed stargrass (Cynodon nlenfuensis var. nlenfuensis) receiving 4kg/d of a supplement formulated to provide 115% of metabolizable protein requirements from the 4th to the 11th week of lactation. The cows received either 150g/head/day of Megalac (Control) or 150g/head/day of a Ca-protected conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, Church & Dwight). Residual effects of treatment were evaluated in weeks 12th and 13th. Milk production increased in CLA treated cows (P\u3c 0.05). CLA decreased milk fat content (P\u3c 0.0001) and yield (P\u3c 0.01). Protected CLA increased protein content (P\u3c 0.01) and yield (P\u3c 0.01). The CLA residual effect on milk fat ends within one week after withdrawal but the benefits on milk yield and total solids production continued, due to the increased persistency. The estimated energy balance and intake were not greatly affected by treatment, as treated cows had higher milk volume and had higher protein productions

Estimating Herbage Mass in Stargrass (\u3ci\u3eCynodon nlenfuensis\u3c/i\u3e var Nlenfuensis) Using Sward Surface Height and the Rising Plate Meter

Estimation of herbage mass is necessary both in research and farm management. Methods for such estimations should be inexpensive, rapid and reliable. Since estimations through hand clipping are time consuming, a range of indirect methods have been developed and tested in the literature. This study had the aim of comparing precision of two indirect methods, sward surface height (SSH) and the rising plate meter (RPM), to estimate herbage mass in stargrass pastures (Cynodon nlenfuensis var. nlenfuensis). Pre-grazing measurements of SSH and RPM readings were taken and compared with the paddock herbage mass. RPM readings were converted into centimeters. Average readings were related to herbage mass through linear regression analysis. Equations obtained were Herbage Mass (kg DM/ha) = - 212,94 + 50,59 SSH (cm) (r2 = 0.88 ; Residual Standard Deviation (RSD) = 378 kg DM/ha) and Herbage Mass (kg DM/ha) = 522,21 + 108,42 RPM reading (cm) (r2 = 0.51; Residual Standard Deviation (RSD) = 800 kg DM/ha). The results suggest that SSH was a better predictor to herbage mass than the RPM readings, probably because the lodging of the plants caused by the rising plate. However there was a quadratic trend for the relationship between herbage mass and height with poor adjust when pastures were over 70 cm average height

Effect of flint corn processing method and roughage level on finishing performance of Nellore-based cattle

Citation: Caetano, M., Goulart, R. S., Silva, S. L., Drouillard, J. S., Leme, P. R., & Lanna, D. P. D. (2015). Effect of flint corn processing method and roughage level on finishing performance of Nellore-based cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 93(8), 4023-4033. doi:10.2527/jas2015-9051This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of flint corn processing method (CPM) and level of NDF from roughage (rNDF) on performance, carcass characteristics, and starch utilization by finishing Nellore-based cattle fed high-concentrate, flint corn-based diets. In this study, 112 Nellore type bulls (initial BW 384.07 +/- 29.53 kg and 24-36 mo of age) were individually fed using Calan gates or individual pens. The animals were used in a randomized complete block design in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement with 2 CPM, high-moisture flint corn (HMC) or finely ground dry flint corn (FGC), with 1 of 4 levels of rNDF, 3, 8, 13, and 18% (DM basis), using sugarcane silage (SS) as roughage. Bulls were adapted to the finishing diet over a 21-d period and fed for a total of 81 d. Fecal starch (FS) concentration was determined on d 46 and 74 of the feeding period. There was a quadratic effect of rNDF on final BW (P < 0.01) and ADG (P = 0.01). Optimal concentrations of rNDF were estimated using the first derivative of second order polynomials, indicating that final BW and ADG were maximized with 13.3 and 13.0% rNDF, respectively. An interaction was observed between CPM and rNDF (P = 0.05) for DMI, with peak DMI occurring at 11.3 and 13.7% rNDF with FGC and HMC, respectively. Cattle fed HMC had 13.9% greater G:F (P < 0.01) compared with those fed FGC (0.172 vs. 0.151, respectively). There were quadratic effects of rNDF on HCW (P = 0.04) and ME intake (P < 0.01); heaviest carcass weights were estimated, in both cases, to be achieved with 12.8% rNDF. A quadratic effect of rNDF for renal, pelvic, and inguinal fat weight (P = 0.04) was observed, with a peak estimated to occur at 12.6% rNDF. An interaction between CPM and rNDF also was observed for FS (P < 0.05). Bulls fed FGC with 3% rNDF had greater FS content, and FS linearly decreased as concentration of rNDF increased. For bulls fed HMC, FS was 3.0% of DM and was unaffected by rNDF in the diet. Lower FS from bulls fed HMC suggests that availability of starch from flint corn was greater than that of FGC. For Nellore-based cattle fed a flint corn-based diet containing SS and 8% whole lint cottonseed, performance was optimized with 12.8% rNDF. In the absence of cottonseed addition to diets, optimal performance would be expected with about 14.5% rNDF

Como obter dados e gerar curvas de lactação de vacas de corte — modelo CLV Corte.

Existem poucos dados de produção de leite de vacas de corte na literatura, provavelmente, em função da dificuldade em se medir essa variável. O presente documento visa a incentivar a obtenção desse dado fundamental para entender a eficiência da fase de cria, segmento do ciclo completo em que há o maior dispêndio de energia na produção de carne. Para isso, na primeira parte, é descrita, em detalhes, uma metodologia para se obterem dados de produção de leite de vacas de corte com o uso de ordenhadeira mecânica. Informações sobre o número de pontos avaliados, uso de ocitocina, importância de dados de composição do leite e todos os aspectos relevantes para uma boa mensuração da produção de leite são abordados. Um modelo para a determinação das curvas de lactação e de seus parâmetros, programado em Excel e que é parte integrante deste documento (CLV Corte.xls), é descrito e informações para seu uso são fornecidas. O usuário deste documento, portanto, tem condições de fazer mensurações adequadas da produção de leite de vacas de corte e obter as estimativas de produção e da curva de lactação de forma automática, pelo modelo fornecido.bitstream/CNPGC-2010/13228/1/DOC176.pd