An Annotated Bibliography of Culture Change for the Teton Dakota Indians

This Pamphlet gives annotated bibliography of culture change for the Teton Dakota Indians. The introduction of this paper is devoted to the attitudes of the Oglalas toward their ceremonies. The author describes a gift-giving ceremony on the Pine Ridge reservation. This bulletin surveys the history of the Dakotas and their establishment on reservations

Language and social change among the Flathead Indians

Malan includes a survey of the culture and history of the Salish, a sketch of the society and economy on the reservation during the 1930\u27s and a discussion of the changes in the use of the Salish language on the reservation. Most of the language materia

The Dakota Indian Family, Community Studies on the Pine Ridge Reservation

The major goal of this bulletin is to describe the traditional kinship organization of the Dakota Indians and to compare it with contemporary patterns of family living on the Pine Ridge Reservation. This study of the family in selected reservation communities should reveal: (1) any remnants of the traditional kinship pattern operating at the present time, and (2) the nature of the changes which have taken place in the family organization during the process of transition

Acculturation of the Dakota Indians

In this pamphlet the process of acculturation among the Dakota Indians--the change which has taken place in Dakota culture as a result of contact with the dominant Caucasian society--has been analyzed. We may conclude from this study that in general culture change was most likely to occur among the Dakotas when the new culture elements satisfied some basic or secondary drive of the people. Culture change was likewise dependent upon the manner in which the new ideas were introduced to them. If the changes were attempted through coercion, they were not so readily accepted as those made voluntarily. The policies of the traders, missionaries, government agents, and agriculturalists were investigated to determine the extent of enforced and permissive acculturation. Enforced acculturation was usually accompanied by resistance to change. The disruption of family patterns, the loss of the means of subsistence, and the social disorganization of Dakota society were the most evident result of the acculturation proces

The Social System of the Dakota Indians

Part one of this study is an analytical description of the South Dakota Indian culture using the framework of a social systems theory. It is designed to provide Extension workers and others with a better knowledge to use as a basis for sound educational program planning, developing improved teaching methods, and evaluating results

The Crow Creek Indian Family

This is the first in a series of publications concerned with the economic and social problems of the Indian people who live on South Dakota Indian Reservations. The study deals especially with the people on_ the Crow Creek Indian Reservation, while the second study will be concerned with the people of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. In each study the primary concern will be that of providing data which may be used to evaluate alternative opportunities for increasing the social and economic level of the Indian people through more efficient use of the resources at their disposal

History and Acculturation of the Dakota Indians

In order to fully understand and appreciate those events which led to the final submission of the American Indian to the majority white culture, it is necessary to look to the historical antecedents predating white Indian contact. The original ways of living of the American Indian are not easily understood by the modern man who believes the material progress of his generation to be the highest advancement of civilization. In all societies there is a strong tendency for the majority group to assume that its values, attitudes, and behavior are superior in all regards to the habit patterns and customs that dominate the lives of minority groups. They are suspicious of strange practices which conflict with their ideas of the appropriate and correct ways of living. If they exhibit some curiosity about the customs of the minority, they are usually anxious to learn of them for the purpose of making an invidious comparison with their practices. It is the unusual person who is able to suppress his own prejudices and view clearly the ways of minorities through the value system of the minority group rather than through his own pattern of beliefs. Often one hears that such behavior as alcoholism, sexual promiscuity, unemployment, suicide, etc., when exhibited by Indians, is but a carry-over from the old culture which was typified by such characteristics. Nothing could be further from the truth. The traditional cultures of the American Indian possessed many of the same values and virtues upheld by the protestant ethic. Such deviant behavior must be seen as a result of an acculturation process which denied the American Indian the right to retain those institutions of family, religion, and economics which served to uphold his traditional values. Such behavioral patterns as reflected in high rates of alcoholism, suicide, and unemployment are fairly recent phenomena in the life of Indian people. Through a better understanding of the lasting traditional culture of one group of American Indians, the Dakota, it is hoped that such misconceptions of cause and effect may be alleviated

The Dakota Indian Religion, A Study of Conflict in Values

Religious beliefs have exerted substantial influence on the values of the Dakota Indians. In earlier days religious folklore infused every area of their daily lives. When the missionaries introduced Chnstianity to the tribes on the Great Plains, important changes began to take place. Values which conflicted with customary beliefs were interposed, but many of the traditional values were retained. In some cases, accommodation of conflicting values was attempted in marginal religious activities which combined elements of both the old and new religions. In other cases, the conflicts appeared insurmountable, and some individuals sought escape or succumbed to apathy. A study of the present day values of these people requires some understanding of their traditional religion. Thus, Part II of this bulletin is designed to provide a systematic analysis of the religious background of the Dakota Indians. Here are some of the myths and legends, and the beliefs, practices, and ritual which dominated Dakota thinking at the time of initial contact with the Christian missionaries. In Part III the subsequent changes in Dakota values are discussed and analysed in historical perspective and in terms of the value conflicts which have resulted from the contact of these two different culture patterns. Statistical evidence from a study of two communities on the Pine Ridge Reservation is presented to support the cultural conflict thesis. Implications of the study are suggested in Part IV

Acculturation of the Dakota Indians

In this pamphlet the process of acculturation among the Dakota Indians-the change which has taken place in Dakota culture as a result of contact with the dominant Caucasian society-has been analyzed. We may conclude from this study that in general culture change was most likely to occur among the Dakotas when the new culture elements satisfied some basic or secondary drive of the people. Culture change was likewise dependent upon the manner in which the new ideas were introduced to them. If the changes were attempted through coercion, they were not so readily accepted as those made voluntarily. The policies of the traders, missionaries, government agents, and agriculturalists were investigated to determine the extent of enforced and permissive acculturation. Enforced acculturation was usually accompanied by resistance to change. The disruption of family patterns, the loss of the means of subsistence, and the social disorganization of Dakota society were the ·most evident results of the acculturation process

Single-dose benzathine penicillin in infants at risk of congenital syphilis : results of a randomised study

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of single-dose benzathine penicillin G in infants at high risk of congenital syphilis. DESIGN: Randomised study comparing benzathine penicillin with no therapy. SETTING: Peninsula Maternal and Neonatal Service, Cape Town. SUBJECTS: Asymptomatic infants born to mothers with untreated syphilis whose VDRL titre was 32 or more. OUTCOME MEASURES: The number of cases of congenital syphilis was determined by results of IgM Western blots and follow-up VDRL titres. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Of 8 patients followed up in the non-treatment group, 4 had congenital syphilis while 0/11 had the disease (P = 0.035) in the group receiving benzathine penicillin. Although the exact failure rate is unknown, benzathine penicillin is effective in preventing symptomatic congenital syphilis when administered to high-risk newborns