533 research outputs found
Modified permittivity observed in bulk Gallium Arsenide and Gallium Phosphide samples at 50 K using the Whispering Gallery mode method
Whispering Gallery modes in bulk cylindrical Gallium Arsenide and Gallium
Phosphide samples have been examined both in darkness and under white light at
50 K. In both samples we observed change in permittivity under light and dark
conditions. This results from a change in the polarization state of the
semiconductor, which is consistent with a free electron-hole
creation/recombination process. The permittivity of the semiconductor is
modified by free photocarriers in the surface layers of the sample which is the
region sampled by Whispering Gallery modes.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure
On a Order Reduction Theorem in the Lagrangian Formalism
We provide a new proof of a important theorem in the Lagrangian formalism
about necessary and sufficient conditions for a second-order variational system
of equations to follow from a first-order Lagrangian.Comment: 9 pages, LATEX, no figures; appear in Il Nuovo Cimento
Symmetries of Helmholtz forms and globally variational dynamical forms
Invariance properties of classes in the variational sequence suggested to
Krupka et al. the idea that there should exist a close correspondence between
the notions of variationality of a differential form and invariance of its
exterior derivative. It was shown by them that the invariance of a closed
Helmholtz form of a dynamical form is equivalent with local variationality of
the Lie derivative of the dynamical form, so that the latter is locally the
Euler--Lagrange form of a Lagrangian. We show that the corresponding local
system of Euler--Lagrange forms is variationally equivalent to a global
Euler--Lagrange form.Comment: Presented at QTS7 - Quantum Theory and Symmetries VII, Prague
7-13/08/201
Reversible recording medium based on optical storage of information, method of reversible recording on such a medium.
A reversible recording medium based on optical storage of at least one item ofinformation within a support material, includes at least one layer of support material having: base molecules able to take, in a local zone, a first collective state of molecules able to generate a first signal of second harmonic characteristic of this first collective state of molecules when excited by electromagnetic reading radiation; the base molecules having the first collective state of molecules able to transform, at least in part, into transformed molecules so as to pass to a second collective state of molecules when excited by electromagnetic writing radiation, the molecules having the second collective state of molecules able to generate a second signal of second harmonic characteristic of this second collective state of molecules when excited by the electromagnetic reading radiation. The molecules exhibit a molecular structure based on a coumarin skeleton of Formula (I)
Reversible Two-Photon Optical Data Storage in Coumarin-Based Copolymers
A functionalized polymer film allowing for a complete and straightforward second-harmonic generation (SHG)-assisted high-contrast writing?reading?erasing?writing sequence is proposed. The whole process is supported by the reversible photoinduced dimerization of a coumarin chromophore and enables efficient optical data storage that can be detected only by SHG imaging
On Metrizability of Invariant Affine Connections
The metrizability problem for a symmetric affine connection on a manifold,
invariant with respect to a group of diffeomorphisms G, is considered. We say
that the connection is G-metrizable, if it is expressible as the Levi-Civita
connection of a G-invariant metric field. In this paper we analyze the
G-metrizability equations for the rotation group G = SO(3), acting canonically
on three- and four-dimensional Euclidean spaces. We show that the property of
the connection to be SO(3)-invariant allows us to find complete explicit
description of all solutions of the SO(3)-metrizability equations.Comment: 17 pages, To appear in IJGMMP vol.9 No.1 (2012
Precise microwave characterization of MgO substrates for HTS circuits with superconducting post dielectric resonator
Accurate data of complex permittivity of dielectric substrates are needed for
efficient design of HTS microwave planar circuits. We have tested MgO
substrates from three different manufacturing batches using a dielectric
resonator with superconducting parts recently developed for precise microwave
characterization of laminar dielectrics at cryogenic temperatures. The
measurement fixture has been fabricated using a SrLaAlO3 post dielectric
resonator with DyBa2Cu3O7 end plates and silver-plated copper sidewalls to
achieve the resolution of loss tangent measurements of 2 {\times} 10-6. The
tested MgO substrates exhibited the average relative permittivity of 9.63 and
tan {\delta} from 3.7 {\times} 10-7 to 2 {\times} 10-5 at frequency of 10.5 GHz
in the temperature range from 14 to 80 K.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures, 3 table
Jacobi multipliers, non-local symmetries and nonlinear oscillators
Constants of motion, Lagrangians and Hamiltonians admitted by a family of
relevant nonlinear oscillators are derived using a geometric formalism. The
theory of the Jacobi last multiplier allows us to find Lagrangian descriptions
and constants of the motion. An application of the jet bundle formulation of
symmetries of differential equations is presented in the second part of the
paper. After a short review of the general formalism, the particular case of
non-local symmetries is studied in detail by making use of an extended
formalism. The theory is related to some results previously obtained by
Krasil'shchi, Vinogradov and coworkers. Finally the existence of non-local
symmetries for such two nonlinear oscillators is proved.Comment: 20 page
Gauge Formalism for General Relativity and Fermionic Matter
A new formalism for spinors on curved spaces is developed in the framework of
variational calculus on fibre bundles. The theory has the same structure of a
gauge theory and describes the interaction between the gravitational field and
spinors. An appropriate gauge structure is also given to General Relativity,
replacing the metric field with spin frames. Finally, conserved quantities and
superpotentials are calculated under a general covariant form.Comment: 18 pages, Plain TEX, revision, explicit expression for superpotential
has been adde
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