51 research outputs found
Italy’s Path to Very Low Fertility: The Adequacy of Economic and Second Demographic Transition Theories: Le cheminement de l’Italie vers les très basses fécondités: Adéquation des théories économique et de seconde transition démographique
The deep drop of the fertility rate in Italy to among the lowest in the world challenges contemporary theories of childbearing and family building. Among high-income countries, Italy was presumed to have characteristics of family values and female labor force participation that would favor higher fertility than its European neighbors to the north. We test competing economic and cultural explanations, drawing on new nationally representative, longitudinal data to examine first union, first birth, and second birth. Our event history analysis finds some support for economic determinants of family formation and fertility, but the clear importance of regional differences and of secularization suggests that such an explanation is at best incomplete and that cultural and ideational factors must be considered
Fertility Rebound and Economic Growth. New Evidence for 18 Countries Over the Period 1970-2011.
Gender-Specific Effects of Unemployment on Family Formation: A Cross-National Perspective
Family Change and Economic Well-being in Canada: The Case of Recent Immigrant Families with Children
The Baby Boom as it Ages: How Has it Affected Patterns of Consumption and Savings in the United States
Educational expansion and its heterogeneous returns for wage workers
This paper examines the evolution of returns to education in the West German labour market over the last two decades. During this period, graduates from the period of educational expansion entered the labour market and an upgrading of the skill structure took place. In order to tackle the issues of endogeneity of schooling and its heterogeneous returns, we apply two estimation methods: Wooldridge's (2004) approach that relies on conditional mean independence and Garen's (1984) control function approach that requires an exclusion restriction. For the population of wage workers from the SOEP, we find that both approaches produce estimates of average returns to education that decrease until the late 1990s and increase afterwards. The gender gap in returns to education seems to vanish. Furthermore, we find that the so-called „baby boomer" cohort has the lowest average return to education in early working life. However, this effect disappears when the „baby-boomer" cohort grows older.Received: April 25, 2008Accepted: April 8, 200
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