EBIC/TEM investigations of process-induced defects in EFG silicon ribbon

Electron bombardment induced conductivity and scanning transmission electron microscopy observations on unprocessed and processed edge-defined film-fed growth ribbon show that the phosphorus diffused junction depth is not uniform, and that a variety of chemical impurities precipitate out during processing. Two kinds of precipitates are found (1) 10 nm or less in size, located at the dislocation nodes in sub-boundary like dislocation arrangements formed during processing and (2) large precipitates, the chemical composition of which has been partially identified. These large precipitates emit dense dislocations tangles into the adjacent crystal volume

Processed-induced defects in EFG ribbons

The defect structure of processed edge defined film-fed growth (EFG) silicon ribbons was studied using a variety of electron microscopic techniques. Comparison between the present results and previous studies on as-grown ribbons has shown that solar cell processing introduces additional defects into the ribbons. The creation of point defects during high temperature phosphorus diffusion induces dislocation climb, resulting in the formation of dislocation helices in the diffused layer

The structure of 110 tilt boundaries in large area solar silicon

The models of Hornstra and their connection to the repeating group description of grain boundaries (7-10) are discussed. A model for the Sigma = 27 boundary containing a zig-zag arrangement of dislocations is constructed and it is shown that zig-zag models can account for the contrast features observed in high resolution transmission electron micrographs of second and third order twin boundaries in silicon. The boundaries discussed are symmetric with a 110 tilt axis and a (110) boundary plane in the median lattice (the median plane). The median lattice is identical in structure and halfway in orientation between the crystal lattices either side of the boundary

Evaluation of a Phosphate Management Protocol to Achieve Optimum Serum Phosphate Levels in Hemodialysis Patients

Original article can be found at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10512276 Copyright National Kidney Foundation, Inc. DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2008.05.003To evaluate the effectiveness of a protocol designed to optimize serum phosphate levels in patients undergoing regular hemodialysis (HD).Peer reviewe

A method for predicting full scale buffet response with rigid wind tunnel model fluctuating pressure data. Volume 1: Prediction method development and assessment

The method requires unsteady aerodynamic forces, natural airplane modes, and the measured pressure data as input. A gust response computer program is used to calculate buffet response due to the forcing function posed by the measured pressure data. By calculating both symmetric and antisymmetric solutions, upper and lower bounds on full-scale buffet response are formed. Comparisons of predictions with flight test results are made and the effects of horizontal tail loads and static aeroelasticity are shown. Discussions are also presented on the effects of primary wing torsion modes, chordwise and spanwise phase angles, and altitude

Design of the Annular Suspension and Pointing System (ASPS) (including design addendum)

The Annular Suspension and Pointing System is an experiment pointing mount designed for extremely precise 3 axis orientation of shuttle experiments. It utilizes actively controlled magnetic bearing to provide noncontacting vernier pointing and translational isolation of the experiment. The design of the system is presented and analyzed

A Coordinated Radio Afterglow Program

We describe a ground-based effort to find and study afterglows at centimeter and millimeter wavelengths. We have observed all well-localized gamma-ray bursts in the Northern and Southern sky since BeppoSAX first started providing rapid positions in early 1997. Of the 23 GRBs for which X-ray afterglows have been detected, 10 have optical afterglows and 9 have radio afterglows. A growing number of GRBs have both X-ray and radio afterglows but lack a corresponding optical afterglow.Comment: To appear in Proc. of the 5th Huntsville Gamma-Ray Burst Symposium, 5 pages, LaTe