Renormalization of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories with soft supersymmetry breaking

The renormalization of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories with soft supersymmetry breaking is presented using spurion fields for introducing the breaking terms. It is proven that renormalization of the fields and parameters in the classical action yields precisely the correct counterterms to cancel all divergences. In the course of the construction of higher orders additional independent parameters appear, but they can be shown to be irrelevant in physics respects. Thus, the only parameters with influence on physical amplitudes are the supersymmetric and the well-known soft breaking parameters.Comment: 29 pages, published in The European Physical Journal

Venus and Mars nominal natural environment for advanced manned planetary mission programs

Nominal natural environment values for advanced manned planetary space flights to Venus and Mar

Reinventing spacetime on a dynamical hypersurface

In braneworld models, Space-Time-Matter and other Kaluza-Klein theories, our spacetime is devised as a four-dimensional hypersurface {\it orthogonal} to the extra dimension in a five-dimensional bulk. We show that the FRW line element can be "reinvented" on a dynamical four-dimensional hypersurface, which is {\it not} orthogonal to the extra dimension, without any internal contradiction. This hypersurface is selected by the requirement of continuity of the metric and depends explicitly on the evolution of the extra dimension. The main difference between the "conventional" FRW, on an orthogonal hypersurface, and the new one is that the later contains higher-dimensional modifications to the regular matter density and pressure in 4D. We compare the evolution of the spacetime in these two interpretations. We find that a wealth of "new" physics can be derived from a five-dimensional metric if it is interpreted on a dynamical (non-orthogonal) 4D hypersurface. In particular, in the context of a well-known cosmological metric in $5D$, we construct a FRW model which is consistent with the late accelerated expansion of the universe, while fitting simultaneously the observational data for the deceleration parameter. The model predicts an effective equation of state for the universe, which is consistent with observations.Comment: References added to the Introduction, and Abstract modified. Accepted for publication in Mod. Phys. Lett.

Limits on the integration constant of the dark radiation term in Brane Cosmology

We consider the constraints from primordial Helium abundances on the constant of integration of the dark radiation term of the brane-world generalized Friedmann equation derived from the Randall-Sundrum Single brane model. We found that -- using simple, approximate and semianalytical Method -- that the constant of integration is limited to be between -8.9 and 2.2 which limits the possible contribution from dark radiation term to be approximately between -27% to 7% of the background photon energy density.Comment: 8 page

Softly broken supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories: Renormalization and non-renormalization theorems

We present a minimal version for the renormalization of softly broken Super-Yang-Mills theories using the extended model with a local gauge coupling. It is shown that the non-renormalization theorems of the case with unbroken supersymmetry are valid without modifications and that the renormalization of soft-breaking parameters is completely governed by the renormalization of the supersymmetric parameters. The symmetry identities in the present context are peculiar, since the extended model contains two anomalies: the Adler-Bardeen anomaly of the axial current and an anomaly of supersymmetry in the presence of the local gauge coupling. From the anomalous symmetries we derive the exact all-order expressions for the beta functions of the gauge coupling and of the soft-breaking parameters. They generalize earlier results to arbitrary normalization conditions and imply the NSVZ expressions for a specific normalization condition on the coupling.Comment: 24 pages, LaTeX, v2: one reference adde

Affine maps of density matrices

For quantum systems described by finite matrices, linear and affine maps of matrices are shown to provide equivalent descriptions of evolution of density matrices for a subsystem caused by unitary Hamiltonian evolution in a larger system; an affine map can be replaced by a linear map, and a linear map can be replaced by an affine map. There may be significant advantage in using an affine map. The linear map is generally not completely positive, but the linear part of an equivalent affine map can be chosen to be completely positive and related in the simplest possible way to the unitary Hamiltonian evolution in the larger system.Comment: 4 pages, title changed, sentence added, reference update

Application of advanced technologies to small, short-haul transport aircraft (STAT)

The benefits of selected advanced technologies for 19 and 30 passenger, short-haul aircraft were identified. Advanced technologies were investigated in four areas: aerodynamics, propulsion, structures, and ride quality. Configuration sensitivity studies were conducted to show design tradeoffs associated with passenger capacity, cabin comfort level, and design field length

Brane Cosmology With Generalized Chaplygin Gas in The Bulk

We find exact solution of the Einstein equations in the context of the brane world scenario. We have supposed a {generalized chaplygin gas} equation of state for bulk. This study display a constant energy density and pressure for bulk in late time. It is shown that our assumptions impose a specific equation of state on brane. {In this work, we have obtained a decelerate universe in early time and late time.} In the end, it is shown that under some assumption we have equation of state of cosmological constant for bulk.Comment: 11 page

Asymmetric radiating brane-world

At high energies on a cosmological brane of Randall-Sundrum type, particle interactions can produce gravitons that are emitted into the bulk and that can feed a bulk black hole. We generalize previous investigations of such radiating brane-worlds by allowing for a breaking of Z_2-symmetry, via different bulk cosmological constants and different initial black hole masses on either side of the brane. One of the notable features of asymmetry is a suppression of the asymptotic level of dark radiation, which means that nucleosynthesis constraints are easier to satisfy. There are also models where the radiation escapes to infinity on one or both sides, rather than falling into a black hole, but these models can have negative energy density on the brane.Comment: sign error in eq. (34) corrected; version to appear Phys. Rev.