Separator development for a heat sterilizable battery

Coating procedure for tape separator of heat sterilizable batter

Separator development for a heat sterilizable battery Quarterly report, 1 Jan. - 31 Mar. 1968

Dip coating method for manufacturing sterilizable battery tape separator

Separator development for a heat sterilizable battery Quarterly report, 1 Apr. - 30 Jun. 1968

Flame absorption spectroscopic analysis of support tape

Separator development for a heat sterilizable battery Quarterly report, Oct. 1 - Dec. 31, 1967

Zirconium oxide loadings and coating methods varied to improve separators for heat sterilizable batter

One-Loop Self-Dual and N=4 Super Yang-Mills

We conjecture a simple relationship between the one-loop maximally helicity violating gluon amplitudes of ordinary QCD (all helicities identical) and those of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills (all but two helicities identical). Because the amplitudes in self-dual Yang Mills have been shown to be the same as the maximally helicity violating ones in QCD, this conjecture implies that they are also related to the maximally helicity violating ones of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills. We have an explicit proof of the relation up to the six-point amplitude; for amplitudes with more external legs, it remains a conjecture. A similar conjecture relates amplitudes in self-dual gravity to maximally helicity violating N=8 supergravity amplitudes.Comment: 14 pages, TeX, three figures, two new references adde

Radiative Hydrodynamic Simulations of HD209458b: Temporal Variability

We present a new approach for simulating the atmospheric dynamics of the close-in giant planet HD209458b that allows for the decoupling of radiative and thermal energies, direct stellar heating of the interior, and the solution of the full 3D Navier Stokes equations. Simulations reveal two distinct temperature inversions (increasing temperature with decreasing pressure) at the sub-stellar point due to the combined effects of opacity and dynamical flow structure and exhibit instabilities leading to changing velocities and temperatures on the nightside for a range of viscosities. Imposed on the quasi-static background, temperature variations of up to 15% are seen near the terminators and the location of the coldest spot is seen to vary by more than 20 degrees, occasionally appearing west of the anti-solar point. Our new approach introduces four major improvements to our previous methods including simultaneously solving both the thermal energy and radiative equations in both the optical and infrared, incorporating updated opacities, including a more accurate treatment of stellar energy deposition that incorporates the opacity relevant for higher energy stellar photons, and the addition of explicit turbulent viscosity.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap

A hydrous melting and fractionation model for mid-ocean ridge basalts: Application to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge near the Azores

The major element, trace element, and isotopic composition of mid-ocean ridge basalt glasses affected by the Azores hotspot are strongly correlated with H2O content of the glass. Distinguishing the relative importance of source chemistry and potential temperature in ridge-hotspot interaction therefore requires a comprehensive model that accounts for the effect of H2O in the source on melting behavior and for the effect of H2O in primitive liquids on the fractionation path. We develop such a model by coupling the latest version of the MELTS algorithm to a model for partitioning of water among silicate melts and nominally anhydrous minerals. We find that much of the variation in all major oxides except TiO2 and a significant fraction of the crustal thickness anomaly at the Azores platform are explained by the combined effects on melting and fractionation of up to ~700 ppm H2O in the source with only a small thermal anomaly, particularly if there is a small component of buoyantly driven active flow associated with the more H2O-rich melting regimes. An on-axis thermal anomaly of ~35°C in potential temperature explains the full crustal thickness increase of ~4 km approaching the Azores platform, whereas a ≥75°C thermal anomaly would be required in the absence of water or active flow. The polybaric hydrous melting and fractionation model allows us to solve for the TiO2, trace element and isotopic composition of the H2O-rich component in a way that self-consistently accounts for the changes in the melting and fractionation regimes resulting from enrichment, although the presence and concentration in the enriched component of elements more compatible than Dy cannot be resolved

Atmospheric Dynamics of Short-period Extra Solar Gas Giant Planets I: Dependence of Night-Side Temperature on Opacity

More than two dozen short-period Jupiter-mass gas giant planets have been discovered around nearby solar-type stars in recent years, several of which undergo transits, making them ideal for the detection and characterization of their atmospheres. Here we adopt a three-dimensional radiative hydrodynamical numerical scheme to simulate atmospheric circulation on close-in gas giant planets. In contrast to the conventional GCM and shallow water algorithms, this method does not assume quasi hydrostatic equilibrium and it approximates radiation transfer from optically thin to thick regions with flux-limited diffusion. In the first paper of this series, we consider synchronously-spinning gas giants. We show that a full three-dimensional treatment, coupled with rotationally modified flows and an accurate treatment of radiation, yields a clear temperature transition at the terminator. Based on a series of numerical simulations with varying opacities, we show that the night-side temperature is a strong indicator of the opacity of the planetary atmosphere. Planetary atmospheres that maintain large, interstellar opacities will exhibit large day-night temperature differences, while planets with reduced atmospheric opacities due to extensive grain growth and sedimentation will exhibit much more uniform temperatures throughout their photosphere's. In addition to numerical results, we present a four-zone analytic approximation to explain this dependence.Comment: 35 Pages, 13 Figure

Device and method for frictionally testing materials for ignitability

Test apparatus for determining ignition characteristics of various metal in oxidizer environments simulating operating conditions for materials is invented. The test apparatus has a chamber through which the oxidizing agent flows, and means for mounting a stationary test sample therein, a powered, rotating shaft in the chamber rigidly mounts a second test sample. The shaft is axially movable to bring the samples into frictional engagement and heated to the ignition point. Instrumentation connected to the apparatus provides for observation of temperatures, pressures, loads on and speeds of the rotating shaft, and torques whereby components of stressed oxygen systems can be selected which will avoid accidental fires under working conditions