Assessment of Water Quality of Peddacheruvu, Sambaiah Cheruvu, Gaddapotharam and Rudraram Cheruvu of Medak District

In the present study, an attempt is made to analyze the physico-chemical aspects along with trace elements and organics of four different lake waters of the industrial area of Medak district namely - Gaddapotharam, Peddacheruvu, Sambaiah & Rudraram cheruvu. The lake water analysis shows that among all the lakes, Gaddapotharam Lake is the highly polluted lake followed by Rudraram Lake. Peddacheruvu and Sambaiah lakes might be polluted due to rainwater/storm water discharges. The results clearly show that majority of water quality parameters such as Chemical Oxygen Demand, chlorides and dissolved solids are quite high. This might be due to the collection of samples in summer during which the pollutants might have got concentrated and hence the analysis results are observed to be high. The levels of pollutants are found to be high at the inlet areas of the lakes close to industrial area. In addition, high levels in some sites are also due to agricultural and sewage drainages of some villages. Moreover, it is also observed that during midsummer all the lakes have dried up except for Gaddapotharam Lake. The dry sediments can be removed by digging out and replacing the bottom with good soil cover which will support aquatic life of the clean water that may enter with rainfall

Comparison study between Ni/TiO2 and Ni/flame synthesized TiO2 catalysts for hydrogen production using thermocatalytic decomposition of methane

Abstract:: Hydrogen is considered as a fuel of future due to its environmental cleanness. Thermo Catalytic Decomposition of Methane (TCD) is one of the most advanced process, which will meet the future demand and attractive route for COx free production of hydrogen. In this study, an attempt made using flame synthesized titanium nanorods as a catalyst support for nickel based catalyst to produce hydrogen. The comparison study between Ni/TiO2 and Ni/Flame synthesized TiO2 (Ni/F-TiO2) catalysts for hydrogen production using thermocatalytic decomposition of methane. The effect of nickel weight percentage (10%, 20%, 30% and 40 wt %) and reaction temperature (650, 700, 750 and 800 °C) with Ni/TiO2 and Ni/F-TiO2 catalysts were performed for hydrogen production studies at 54sccm flowrate of methane. The maximum hydrogen production was observed with 30 wt% of Ni/TiO2 and 30 wt% of Ni/F-TiO2 as 48 and 55 vol% at 700 °C in 60min of reaction time. Before and after the reaction, catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET surface area, SEM, TEM and AAS analysis. Apart from hydrogen production, carbon nanorods were observed with a diameter and length of 5–10 nm and 0.25 μm respectively for Ni/TiO2 and for Ni/F-TiO2 catalyst, it was found to be 50–100 nm and 0.5  μm respectively. Keywords: Hydrogen, Nano carbon, Diffusion flame reactor, Ni/TiO2, Ni/F-TiO2, Thermo catalytic decompositio

Sustainable fuel production by thermocatalytic decomposition of methane â A review

Thermocatalytic Decomposition of Methane (TCD) is a completely green single step technology for producing hydrogen and carbon nanomaterials. This paper review about the research in laboratory-scale on TCD, specifically the recent advances like co-feeding effect and regeneration of catalyst for enhancing the productivity of the entire process. Although a remarkable success on the laboratory-scale has been fulfilled, TCD for free greenhouse gas (GHG) hydrogen production is still in its infancy. The necessity for commercialization of TCD is more than ever in the present-day condition of massive GHG emission. TCD generally studied over several types of catalysts, for example mono, bi, trimetallic, combination of metalâmetal oxide, carbon and metal doped carbon catalysts. Catalyst Deactivation is the main problem found in TCD process. Regeneration of catalyst and co-feeding of methane with other hydrocarbon are the two main solutions placed helped in accordance to overcome deactivation problem. Higher amount of co-feed hydrocarbon in situ produce more amount of highly active carbon deposits which support further methane decomposition to produce extra hydrogen. The conversion rate of methane increases with increasing temperature and decreases with the flow rate in the co-feeding process in a comparable manner as observed in normal TCD. The presence of co-components in the post-reaction stream is an important challenge attempted in the co-feeding and regeneration. Keywords: Hydrogen, Catalysts, Thermocatalytic decompositio

Photochemical oxidation of antibiotic gemifloxacin in aqueous solutions â A comparative study

The amount of organic micro pollutants like antibiotics detected in effluents, lakes, rivers, hospital wastewater, sewage water and ground water. These antibiotics are affecting aquatic organisms. Common wastewater treatment plants are not built to remove these substances. Thus there is a need for new technologies. The present study focuses on the application of a promising technology, that is the use of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), which works based on the intermediacy of hydroxyl and other radicals to oxidized non-biodegradable compounds. Hence, in the present study treatment of certain gemifloxacin commonly used in day-to-day life has been carried out. The combination of UV, UV/H2O2, Fenton, and UV/Fenton systems has been studied. Gemifloxacin concentration degradation, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) are monitored. Among all the processes studied photo-Fenton process has been found to be the maximum removal of gemifloxacin (97%). Keywords: Antibiotics, Pharmaceuticals, Oxidation technologies, Non-biodegradable, Gemifloxaci

Phycoremediation of sewage wastewater and industrial flue gases for biomass generation from microalgae

Phycoremediation or microalgae cultivation using sewage with industrial flue gases is a promising concept for integrated nutrient removal and sequestration respectively with subsequent biomass generation in order to control environmental pollution. In the present study sewage wastewater (SWW) and industrial flue gas was supplied in batch and continuous mode for cultivation of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. Chlorella vulgaris was very effective in reduction of chemical concentrations (COD, NO3¯, SO4¯, and PO4¯) in SWW along with flue gas (CO2, NOx and SOx). COD removal was achieved up to 78% in batch mode and 42% in continuous mode. The other nutrients from the sewage wastewater were removed up to 75% whereas, with continuous mode 55%. Concerning the flue gas treatment studies, Chlorella vulgaris removed CO2 up to 64% in batch mode and when grown in continuous mode it was up to 72%. The SOx and NOx concentrations were reduced up to 62% and 63% respectively in batch mode and the removal efficiencies of the same were 59% and 55% in continuous mode. Both batch and continuous mode showed the maximum biomass productivity in hetero and mixotrophic cultivations. While average biomass productivity in mixotrophic continuous mode was higher as 1.0 g/L. Fourier infrared spectroscopy examination of algal biomass revealed the presence of –OH, –COOH, NH2, and = O organic compound groups. It was concluded from the results that C. vulgaris was very effective in the treatment of SWW and industrial flue gas on the other hand the biomass obtained is a sustainable green energy source. Keywords: Phycoremediation, Sewage wastewater (SWW), Flue gas, Microalgae, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Chlorella vulgari

Thermal quenching of thermoluminescence in quartz samples of various origins

The effect of thermal quenching plays an important role in the thermoluminescence (TL) of quartz on which many applications of TL are based. In present work it is investigated that the thermal quenching parameters i.e. the activation energy W and the dimensionless parameter C, are more or less the same for every kind of quartzes or sample dependent on strong external treatment like a high temperature annealing. This preliminary investigation of seven quartz samples of different origin showed that the thermal quenching parameters W and C are common (universal) for most of the quartz samples.Publisher's Versio

The effect of replacement of rice in a poor vegetarian diet by tapioca macaroni on the general health and nutritional status of children

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