New Techniques for Relating Dynamically Close Galaxy Pairs to Merger and Accretion Rates : Application to the SSRS2 Redshift Survey

We introduce two new pair statistics, which relate close galaxy pairs to the merger and accretion rates. We demonstrate the importance of correcting these (and other) pair statistics for selection effects related to sample depth and completeness. In particular, we highlight the severe bias that can result from the use of a flux-limited survey. The first statistic, denoted N_c, gives the number of companions per galaxy, within a specified range in absolute magnitude. N_c is directly related to the galaxy merger rate. The second statistic, called L_c, gives the total luminosity in companions, per galaxy. This quantity can be used to investigate the mass accretion rate. Both N_c and L_c are related to the galaxy correlation function and luminosity function in a straightforward manner. We outline techniques which account for various selection effects, and demonstrate the success of this approach using Monte Carlo simulations. If one assumes that clustering is independent of luminosity (which is appropriate for reasonable ranges in luminosity), then these statistics may be applied to flux-limited surveys. These techniques are applied to a sample of 5426 galaxies in the SSRS2 redshift survey. Using close dynamical pairs, we find N_c(-21<M_B<-18) = 0.0226+/-0.0052 and L_c(-21<M_B<-18) = 0.0216+/-0.0055 10^{10} h^2 L_sun at z=0.015. These are the first secure estimates of low-z close pair statistics. If N_c remains fixed with redshift, simple assumptions imply that ~ 6.6% of present day galaxies with -21<M_B<-18 have undergone mergers since z=1. When applied to redshift surveys of more distant galaxies, these techniques will yield the first robust estimates of evolution in the galaxy merger and accretion rates. [Abridged]Comment: 26 pages (including 10 postscript figures) plus 3 gif figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Paper (including full resolution images) also available at http://www.astro.utoronto.ca/~patton/ssrs2, along with associated pair classification experiment (clickable version of Figure 5

Effectiveness of pneumatically powered penetrating and non-penetrating captive bolts in stunning cattle

This study assessed the effectiveness of penetrating (PCB; 190 psi; N = 363) and non-penetrating captive bolt guns (NPCB; 210–220 psi; N = 92) to stun a total of 455 cattle (Zebu and Zebu Cross). Physical bolt parameters (momentum, kinetic energy and energy density) were evaluated. Clinical indicators of brain function were recorded after stunning (GR), after being hoisted (HO) and at the bleeding rail (BL). Physical bolt parameters (bolt velocity, momentum, kinetic energy, energy density and sectional density) were significantly higher (P < 0.001) for PCB. The need for two or more shots was more frequent for NPCB (210–220 psi; 29% vs. 12%, P < 0.001). Cattle were more likely to collapse at first shot with PCB (190 psi; 99%) compared to NPCB (91%; P < 0.002) which can be attributed to the higher values of bolt physical parameters. Incidence of eyeball rotation (5% vs. 1%) and righting behaviour (7% vs. 1%) were higher (P < 0.001) for NPCB (210–220 psi) at GR than PCB. The NPCB with 210–220 psi had a higher frequency of response to nostril stimulation (2% vs. 0%; P < 0.001) than PCB. Rhythmic respiration was more frequently found for NPCB with 210–220 psi at GR, HO and BL. Therefore, PCB with 190 psi was more effective in ensuring unconsciousness in cattle

Efeito do uso de ducha, antes e após o transporte, sobre a qualidade da carne dos suínos.

Projeto/Plano de Ação: 02.06.01.001

What are the Best Hierarchical Descriptors for Complex Networks?

This work reviews several hierarchical measurements of the topology of complex networks and then applies feature selection concepts and methods in order to quantify the relative importance of each measurement with respect to the discrimination between four representative theoretical network models, namely Erd\"{o}s-R\'enyi, Barab\'asi-Albert, Watts-Strogatz as well as a geographical type of network. The obtained results confirmed that the four models can be well-separated by using a combination of measurements. In addition, the relative contribution of each considered feature for the overall discrimination of the models was quantified in terms of the respective weights in the canonical projection into two dimensions, with the traditional clustering coefficient, hierarchical clustering coefficient and neighborhood clustering coefficient resulting particularly effective. Interestingly, the average shortest path length and hierarchical node degrees contributed little for the separation of the four network models.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Prospecção de metodologia para extração protéica em gramíneas forrageiras compatível com análise proteômica.

O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar metodologias de extração de proteínas de Brachiaria, visando indicar aquela que proporciona a obtenção de extratos protéicos mais concentrados e livres de contaminantes

Identificação de fontes de resistência à ferrugem Polissora em milho e desenvolvimento de população de mapeamento.

bitstream/item/143851/1/circ-212.pd

Análise do uso da terra integrado com parâmetros de qualidade de água em microbacias do Nordeste Paraense.

RESUMO: O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a relação do uso da terra com parâmetros físicoquímicos em 96 microbacias, componentes das mesobacias hidrográficas, Timboteua/Buiuna e Peripindeua, no nordeste paraense. Para uma avaliação preliminar dos efeitos do uso da terra e caracterização hidrogeoquímica das microbacias foram feitas medições ?in situ? de parâmetros físico-químicos, tais como: Oxigênio dissolvido, pH, condutividade elétrica e temperatura da água. No caso da Área 1 (Timboteua/Buiuna) as classes de uso da terra avaliadas foram: i. Pastagem; ii. Agricultura com derruba-e-queima para preparo de área de plantio; iii. Agricultura com corte-etrituração para preparo de área de plantio; e iv. SAF (sistema agro-florestal). E na Área 2 (Peripindeua) as classes de uso definiram-se em: i. Pastagem; ii. Agricultura (derruba-e-queima), capoeira e pastagem (com lavagem de mandioca nos igarapés); iii. Agricultura (derruba-e-queima), capoeira e pastagem (com lavagem de malva nos igarapés); iv. Capoeira e pastagem; v. Agricultura (corte-e-trituração), SAF e mata de igapó. Dessa forma, as mesobacias avaliadas apresentaram histórico de uso diferenciado. Ocorreu interrelação dos parâmetros físico-químicos com o uso da terra nas microbacias estudadas