Agonistic Interventions into Public Commemorative Art:An Innovative Form of Counter-memorial Practice?

In light of recent controversies around the removal or modification of public commemorative art, such as memorials and monuments, this paper interrogates the value of competing approaches to counter-memorial practice using the framework of agonistic memory. It argues that much counter-memorial practice today, as it relates to historical memory, is dominated by a “cosmopolitan” mode that fails to offer a convincing response to the rise of right-wing populism and its instrumentalization of conflicts over public commemorative art. The article investigates two case studies of counter-memorial interventions that focus on the memory of fascism in Europe today and seeks to identify and assess emergent agonistic practices

THERMEFLEX: THERMALLY MEDIATED FLEXOELECTRICITY

This thesis project was successful in thermally mediated the flexoelectric effect by using a bilayer material device made up of single crystalline Strontium titanate (STO) and titanium (Ti) 10x5x0.5mm substrates connected with conductive epoxy. Heating the device with a 100 second period sine wave between -20° and 100° Celsius generated outputs from 20pA up to 100pA. Polishing allowed for device thickness variations from 1000 microns down to 400 microns. Finite Element Analysis approximations of our device deflection corresponded to within an order of magnitude to deflection measurements; however, no trend was observed concerning device thickness variation and flexoelectric output, likely due to device fabrication complications. Two separate theoretical models were developed to predict the device deflection and thus output from first principles, however both of these models failed to predict results accurately. In summary, this thesis project successfully proves the existence of thermally mediated flexoelectricity, for which the calculated efficiency was 5.8e-15. Although not likely applicable for energy harvesting at larger length scales, such an effect could be used as thermal sensor

Identification of N-methylprotoporphyrin IX in livers of untreated mice and mice treated with 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine: Source of the methyl group

Administration of the porphyrogenic agent, 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) to mice, leads to the accumulation of N-methylprotoporphyrin IX in liver. This porphyrin is a potent inhibitor of ferrochelatase activity and accounts for the porphyria produced after DDC administration. The N-methylprotoporphyrin IX extracted from DDC-treated mice is primarily of one isomeric form, as shown by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The methyl group of N-methylprotoporphyrin IX isolated from DDC-treated mice is derived mostly from the 4-methyl group of DDC. The transfer of this methyl group and its subsequent covalent attachment to protoporphyrin IX may be mediated by a form of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450. N-Methylprotoporphyrin IX is also found in livers of untreated mice at levels that are low but significant. © 1981