Effect of drying method and bad thickness on physical, chemical, and organoleptic quality of dry herbal Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the drying method and bed thickness on the physical quality test (moisture content, color), chemical (ash content, flavonoids, total phenol, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, or vitamin C and antioxidant activity) and organoleptic test of Moringa leaf tea. The experimental research was a Split Plot Design with dryers as the main plot and bed thickness as a subplot. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a significant level of 5% was used to analyze the experimental data. The organoleptic scores were analyzed using the Friedman test. The ANOVA results indicated that the drying method significantly affected whereas the bed thickness did not influence the experimental parameters. The best result in terms of herbal moisture content (5.94%) and color was obtained by YSD UNIB 2022 assisted with a fan. The highest ash content was in the range of 7.78 % -7%, total phenol was 50.78 GAE/g, carotenoids content was 17, 57 mg/g, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) was 117, 33%, and the strongest (antioxidant activity) was at an IC50 value of 37.85 ppm. The best (flavonoids) showed a red color on drying YSD UNIB12

Perubahan Kandungan Β-Karoten, Asam Lemak Bebas dan Bilangan Peroksida Minyak Sawit Merah Selama Pemanasan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pola penurunan kandungan ß-karoten, menentukan pola Perubahan kandun- gan asam lemak bebas (FFA), dan menentukan pola Perubahan bilangan peroksida minyak sawit merah selama pe- manasan. Minyak sawit merah dipanaskan pada empat suhu pemanasan yang berbeda (150°C, 160°C, 170°C, dan180°C) selama 10 jam. Sampel minyak diambil setiap 30 menit dari setiap minyak yang dipanaskan. Kandungan ß-karoten, FFA, dan bilangan peroksida pada setiap sampel dievaluasi. Data yang diperoleh dituangkan secara gra- fis untuk analisa lebih lanjut. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan kandungan ß-karoten minyak sawit merah mengalami penurunan tajam selama tiga jam pertama pemanasan, khususnya pada minyak yang dipanaskan pada suhu 180°C. Selain itu, lama pemanasan selama 10 jam mengakibatkan terhadap turunnya kadar FFA serta penurunan bilangan peroksida, khususnya pada minyak yang mengalami pemanasan lebih dari 150°C

Some anatomical features of an Acacia hybrid, A. mangium and A. auriculiformis grown in Indonesia with consideration of pulp yield and paper strength

International audienceThe objectives of this study were to compare anatomical wood properties, chemical composition and wood density between an Acacia hybrid and its parents, namely, Acacia mangium and Acacia auriculiformis. The strength of the relationship between these anatomical properties or wood density and chemical composition as a way to predict the pulp yield and paper strength was studied. Three seven-year-old trees per species were randomly selected from an experimental plantation. Compared with both parents, the Acacia hybrid had longer fibre, and higher slenderness ratio, fibre proportion and holocellulose content but smaller proportions of vessels, parenchyma cells and extractives. In addition, the hybrid tended to have thinner cell wall, and lower proportion of ray cells, rigidity and lignin content but higher flexibility coefficient and wood density than A. mangium. Holocellulose, α-cellulose and lignin contents were all reliably predicted by fibre length. Slenderness ratio was a better predictor of extractives content than fibre length. Both fibre length and slenderness ratio were better predictors of chemical composition than wood density. Therefore, fibre length and slenderness ratio could be good predictors of pulp yield and paper strength for acacias