Thermal Analysis of Ductile Iron Casting

Pure metals solidify with a solidification front that is very well defined and a clearly delineated solid-liquid interface. Ductile cast iron solidification is characterised by a very thin solidified skin and appearance of different phases. The outer skin is formed being very thin in ductile iron; the expansion occurs due to graphite nucleation into the casting forces to the mould walls. With proper care taken while designing and during melt processing stage, quality ductile iron castings can be produced with minimal risering. With recent developments in sensing and storing instruments, it is now possible to see and measure structural transformations within the solidification in ductile iron castings very precisely. The shape of a cooling curve measured by a thermocouple mounted on a thermal analysis sample cup reflects the solidification process of the melted cast alloy for the given solidification conditions. By analysing particular cooling curve, the solidification start, eutectic arrests, recalescence, amount of undercooling and end of freezing temperature temperatures are generated. The thermal analysis data so generated will be used to study composition, soundness, chill and microstructure by analysis of cooling curve. The cooling rates measured in degrees per second at different stages of solidification sequence will be analysed and correlated with the properties of the castings to be produced from the same melt

Antifungal properties of extracts of Ocimum tenuiflorum and Datura stramonium against some vegetable pathogenic fungi

A study was carried out to evaluate the antifungal properties of Ocimum tenuiflorum (also known as Ocimum sanctum) and Datura stramonium extracts on Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus stolonifer using the well in agar method. The in vitro studies have been performed by using leaf, stem bark and root bark chloroform, alcoholic and aqueous extracts. All extracts showed antifungal activity. The stem bark alcoholic extract of D. stramonium showed maximum activity; while minimum activity was observed with root aqueous extract of O. tenuiflorum against the fungi under investigation. Results showed that radial growth in all the test organisms was impaired by the addition of the extracts in the culture medium used. The test organisms differed in their reaction to the different extracts but on the whole, growth inhibition increased with the concentration of each extract. The antifungal activity for both the plants and for both the organisms was found is in increasing order i.e. root bark < leaves < stem bark

Hall effect in cobalt-doped TiO2−δ_{2-\delta}

We report Hall effect measurements on thin films of cobalt-doped TiO$_{2-\delta}$. Films with low carrier concentrations (10$^{18}$ - 10$^{19}$) yield a linear behavior in the Hall data while those having higher carrier concentrations (10$^{21}$ - 10$^{22}$) display anomalous behavior near zero field. In the entire range of carrier concentration, n-type conduction is observed. The appearance of the anomalous behavior is accompanied by a possible structural change from rutile TiO$_{2}$ to Ti_[n}O$_{2n-1}$ Magneli phase(s)

ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF ELEPHANTOPUS SCABER MEDIATED SILVER NANOPARTICLES AGAINST MCF-7, A-549, SCC-40, AND COLO-205 HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES

Objective: To unearth the applications of nanotechnology in medicine has become imperative with all the advancements in the technique. In the current study, we have attempted to exploit the anticancer ability of the green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Methods: The AgNPs were synthesized using 60% methanol (H-MeOH) Elephantopus scaber leaf extract, characterized, and discussed priorly. The effect of AgNPs was studied on the human breast (MCF-7), lung (A-549), oral (SCC-40), and colon (COLO-205) cancer cell lines through sulforhodamine B assay. We also carried out the synergistic activity with standard drug adriamycin (ADR). Results: According to the results obtained, AgNPs showed good antiproliferative activity with GI50 &lt;10 μg/ml on MCF-7, A-549, and SCC-40 cell lines when compared with the standard drug ADR. However, for COLO-205 cell line, the impact was 17.4 μg/ml and thus the treatment was less effective. Conclusion: The synergistic effect of AgNPs+ADR was even better for all the four cell lines than that of the AgNPs alone

A Review on use of Mistake Proof (Poka Yoke) Locating Fixture on Ultra SD Cartridge Assembly Line

Manufacturing defects are the major concern of all manufacturing industries. These defects occur due to poor material quality or lack of skilled labour. This paper focuses upon one such operation that was dependent on the skills of the operator which was deskilled by one of the successful devices in lean production which is used to eliminate waste caused by errors i.e ‘mistake-proofing' or ‘Poka-yoke'. The use of Poka Yoke in the Ultra SD Cartridge assembly operation eliminated the requirement of skilled operator. This was effectively done by introducing a new locating fixture on the assembly line

Test Case Prioritization Based on Specific Events

Event-Driven Software (EDS) system changes its state according to arrival of events for example graphical user interface and web framework. So due to there are number of events generated by users waiting in queue, this system is raise issue for testing. Until now, there are more efforts taken for testing this issue but these efforts are not collective. In this project work, our try is to give collective solution for graphical user interface and Web frameworks combined. We designed model to test graphical user interface and web application combined by using test cases prioritization. Main objective is here to deploy this model to prioritize test cases based on events. Our proposed work shows that graphical user interface and Web-based frameworks, gives same behavior even after prioritization. To test stand-alone GUI and Web-based frameworks based on shared prioritization function, and prioritization criteria’s. This generic approach is enough to study develop and test a unified theory for all kinds of Event Driven Software systems. This paper articulates all the details regarding our proposed system through following sections

Searching and fixating: scale-invariance vs. characteristic timescales in attentional processes

In an experiment involving semantic search, the visual movements of sample populations subjected to visual and aural input were tracked in a taskless paradigm. The probability distributions of saccades and fixations were obtained and analyzed. Scale-invariance was observed in the saccadic distributions, while the fixation distributions revealed the presence of a characteristic (attentional) time scale for literate subjects. A detailed analysis of our results suggests that saccadic eye motions are an example of Levy, rather than Brownian, dynamics.Comment: Accepted to Europhysics Letters (2011