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Enterprise application reuse: Semantic discovery of business grid services
Web services have emerged as a prominent paradigm for the development of distributed software systems as they provide the potential for software to be modularized in a way that functionality can be described, discovered and deployed in a platform independent manner over a network (e.g., intranets, extranets and the Internet). This paper examines an extension of this paradigm to encompass ‘Grid Services’, which enables software capabilities to be recast with an operational focus and support a heterogeneous mix of business software and data, termed a Business Grid - "the grid of semantic services". The current industrial representation of services is predominantly syntactic however, lacking the fundamental semantic underpinnings required to fulfill the goals of any semantically-oriented Grid. Consequently, the use of semantic technology in support of business software heterogeneity is investigated as a likely tool to support a diverse and distributed software inventory and user. Service discovery architecture is therefore developed that is (a) distributed in form, (2) supports distributed service knowledge and (3) automatically extends service knowledge (as greater descriptive precision is inferred from the operating application system). This discovery engine is used to execute several real-word scenarios in order to develop and test a framework for engineering such grid service knowledge. The examples presented comprise software components taken from a group of Investment Banking systems. Resulting from the research is a framework for engineering servic
Optimal phosphorus loading for a potentially eutrophic lake
dynamic programming;sustainable development;ecology
Telegraph Noise in Coupled Quantum Dot Circuits Induced by a Quantum Point Contact
Charge detection utilizing a highly biased quantum point contact has become
the most effective probe for studying few electron quantum dot circuits.
Measurements on double and triple quantum dot circuits is performed to clarify
a back action role of charge sensing on the confined electrons. The quantum
point contact triggers inelastic transitions, which occur quite generally.
Under specific device and measurement conditions these transitions manifest
themselves as bounded regimes of telegraph noise within a stability diagram. A
nonequilibrium transition from artificial atomic to molecular behavior is
identified. Consequences for quantum information applications are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures (as published
Phonon-mediated vs. Coulombic Back-Action in Quantum Dot circuits
Quantum point contacts (QPCs) are commonly employed to capacitively detect
the charge state of coupled quantum dots (QD). An indirect back-action of a
biased QPC onto a double QD laterally defined in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure
is observed. Energy is emitted by non-equilibrium charge carriers in the leads
of the biased QPC. Part of this energy is absorbed by the double QD where it
causes charge fluctuations that can be observed under certain conditions in its
stability diagram. By investigating the spectrum of the absorbed energy, we
identify both acoustic phonons and Coulomb interaction being involved in the
back-action, depending on the geometry and coupling constants
Effect of a Magnetic Field on the Dipole Echo in Glasses with Nuclear Quadrupole Moments
The effect of a magnetic field on the dipole echo amplitude in glasses at
temperatures of about 10 mK caused by nonspherical nuclei with electric
quadrupole moments has been studied theoretically. It has been shown that in
this case, the two-level systems (TLS's) that determine the glass properties at
low temperatures are transformed into more complicated multilevel systems.
These systems have new properties as compared to usual TLS's and, in
particular, exhibit oscillations of electric dipole echo amplitude in magnetic
field. A general formula that describes the echo amplitude in an arbitrary
split TLS has been derived with perturbation theory. Detailed analytic and
numerical analysis of the formula has been performed. The theory agrees
qualitatively and quantitatively well with experimental data.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
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