3,210 research outputs found
Magnetic Field Induced Coherence-Incoherence Crossover in the Interlayer Conductivity of a Layered Organic Metal
The angle-dependent interlayer magnetoresistance of the layered organic metal
-(BEDT-TTF)KHg(SCN) is found to undergo a dramatic change from
the classical conventional behavior at low magnetic fields to an anomalous one
at high fields. This field-induced crossover and its dependence on the sample
purity and temperature imply the existence of two parallel channels in the
interlayer transport: a classical Boltzmann conductivity and an
incoherent channel . We propose a simple model for
explaining its metallic temperature dependence and low sensitivity to the
inplane field component.Comment: 5 page
ΠΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ². Π‘ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Academician Ivan Gavrilovich Alexandrov is an outstanding hydropower engineer, the founder of the integrated design of large hydroelectric plants and irrigation systems, the developer of the GOELRO plan, the author of original innovative ideas, which then seriously influenced further development of hydropower engineering and are still of practical importance, the creator of DneproGES. The Angarsk HPP cascade was also designed according to the developments and proposals of Ivan G. Alexandrov. A brilliant researcher, designer, economist, teacher, manager, and administrator graduated from Moscow Engineering School (now Russian University of Transport).Ivan Alexandrov was recognised worldwide as an outstanding scientist and engineer. His activities mainly fell on the most difficult years of formation of the national economy of the USSR, on the years of the first five-year plansβ¦For many years he taught at the higher educational institutions of Leningrad and Moscow and enjoyed great love and respect among students. Β ΠΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΊ ΠΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ² β Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π° ΠΠΠΠΠ Π, Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΠ½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΠΠ‘Π°. ΠΠ½Π³Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°Π΄ ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ»Π΅ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΈΠΊ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡ, ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³, ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ» ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ (Π½ΡΠ½Π΅ β Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ° (ΠΠΠΠ’)).ΠΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ» ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ. ΠΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΆΡΠ»ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π‘Π‘Π‘Π β Π½Π° Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²β¦Π ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Π» Π² Π²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²
ΠΠ²Π³Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½ (ΠΊ 150-Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ Π΄Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ)
The article is dedicated to Evgeny Oskarovich Paton, an outstanding Soviet scientist with brilliant engineering talent. It was he who created a unique school of bridge building. The most famous creation of Evgeny Oskarovich bears his name β the famous Paton Bridge in Kiev.E. O. Paton is the author of more than 300 scienti fic papers and several theoretical courses on bridge building and welding: Β«Calculation of end-to-end trusses with rigid jointsΒ», Β«Iron bridgesΒ» in 4 volumes, Β«Wooden railway bridgesΒ», Β«Automatic bare electrode welding under a layer of fluxΒ», fundamental textbook Β«Course of bridgesΒ» in 5 volumes and others. Organizer and editor-in-chief of the journal Β«Automatic weldingΒ» (1949β1953). Many of his textbooks are still being used in the study process.The beginning of Evgeny Patonβs professional, research and teaching career was directly related to transport and railways, teaching at the then MIIT, where the future great scientist headed the department Β«Bridges and TunnelsΒ» (founded in 1896). It was there that Evgeny Oskarovich worked until 1904. Patonβs laboratory has survived to this day and even continues to be used in teaching, and documents and photographs related to the scientist are carefully kept in the university museum.Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΠ²Π³Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ β Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π±Π»Π΅ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π» ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π‘Π°ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ²Π³Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ° Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΡ, β ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½Π° Π² ΠΠΈΠ΅Π²Π΅.Π. Π. ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½ β Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 300 Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠ΅: Β«Π Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌ Ρ ΠΆΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ·Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈΒ», Β«ΠΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΒ» Π² 4 ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ
, Β«ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΒ», Β«ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠ° Π³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Β», ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΈΠΊ Β«ΠΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Β» Π² 5 ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΈ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»Π° Β«ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠ°Β» (1949β 1953). ΠΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡ.ΠΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠΠΠΠ‘ ΠΠ£ΠΠ Π² ΠΠΈΠ΅Π²Π΅ (Ρ 1945), ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ 1542-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΠ½Π΅ΠΏΡ Π² ΠΠΈΠ΅Π²Π΅ (Ρ 1953), ΠΌΠ°Π»Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΠ½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ΅, ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π΅, Π₯Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π΅, ΠΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΌ Π’Π°Π³ΠΈΠ»Π΅, ΠΠΌΡΠΊΠ΅, ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΅Π²ΠΊΠ΅. Π ΠΠΈΠ΅Π²Π΅ Ρ Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π. Π. ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ (2002), Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄Π΅ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠ° ΠΠΠ, Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄Π΅ Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ» β ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π² Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΠ½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊ Π½Π° Π·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠΌ. Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π±ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ½Π°
Π₯ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊ, ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊ, ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρβ¦ ΠΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² (1857β1942)
2022 marks the 165th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding Russian scientist Ivan Alekseevich Kablukov. The main field of scientific interests and discoveries of Academician Kablukov relates to electrochemistry of non-aqueous solutions. I. A. Kablukov is also known as a teacher and populariser of science, the founder of the school of physical chemists in Russia, as the author of a number of works on the history of chemistry.In 1896, at the Moscow Imperial Engineering School of the Department of Railways (now Russian University of Transport), Kablukov founded the Department of Chemistry, which he led for a long time. In total, Kablukovβs scientific heritage includes more than three hundred works.Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1928), Honorary Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1932), Honorary Member of the Society of Lovers of Natural Science, Anthropology and Ethnography (since 1921), Member of Russian Physico-Chemical Society, Society for Acclimatisation of Animals and Plants (since 1898), All-Union Chemical Society n.a. D. I. Mendeleev (in 1934 he was elected vice-president of Moscow branch of AUCS) and many other scientific societies. Honoured Professor of Moscow University (since 1910).A. Kablukov owns fundamental work on the theory of solutions, thermochemistry, and processing of mineral raw materials into fertilisers. He was an outstanding teacher.Π 2022 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ 165 Π»Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎ Π΄Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ². Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ.Π 1896 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π² ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (Π½ΡΠ½Π΅ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°) ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ° Β«Π₯ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΒ», ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ». ΠΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ².Π§Π»Π΅Π½-ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΠ Π‘Π‘Π‘Π (1928), ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ ΠΠ Π‘Π‘Π‘Π (1932), ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (Ρ 1921), ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ Π ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π°ΠΊΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Ρ 1898), ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΠΌ. Π. Π. ΠΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π΅Π²Π° (Π² 1934 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΠ°Π½ Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅-ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ₯Π) ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ². ΠΠ°ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° (Ρ 1910). Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ½ Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ
ΠΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΉ Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ (1804β1865)
Emilius Lenz is a famous Russian physicist of German origin, academician, professor at St. Petersburg University, and later its rector, doctor of philology, privy councilor β¦ He took part in Kotzebueβs trip around the world on the sailing sloop Enterprise. Lenz is known for his fundamental work on electromagnetism and the study of the thermal effect of electric current.The author of the law stating the direction of induced current (Lenzβs law) and co-author of the law on the thermal effect of electric current (JouleβLenz law). He carried out several significant studies on the effect of current on dissimilar conductors, developed methods for calculating electromagnets for building electrical machines.Legends circulated about his wonderful lectures on physics and physical geography, they were remarkable for their amazing clarity and systematicity.Throughout his life, Lenz was engaged in research in the field of physics. Lenzβs contribution to science can hardly be overestimated. Emilius Lenz was an exceptionally versatile scientist. He was the author of textbooks on physics for high school, worked on the galvanic gilding of the domes of the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow, on the problem of lighting Nevsky Prospekt in St. Petersburg. Lenz was a physicist in the broadest sense of the word. He never closed himself on Β«pure theoretical scienceΒ», always tried to apply the results of his discoveries in practice.ΠΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ β Π·Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΊ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, Π° Π²ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡ, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊβ¦ ΠΠ½ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π² ΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π±Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ»ΡΠΏΠ΅ Β«ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅Β». ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°.ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ° (ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°) ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ°Π²ΡΠΎΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ° (Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΠΆΠΎΡΠ»ΡβΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°), ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ» ΡΡΠ΄ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π» ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½.Π Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΄Ρ, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ.ΠΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ ΠΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π² Π½Π°ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ. ΠΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΉ Π₯ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ. ΠΠ½ Π±ΡΠ» Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π» Π½Π°Π΄ Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π₯ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ° Π‘ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π² ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Π΅, Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π² ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³Π΅. ΠΠ΅Π½Ρ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°. ΠΠ½ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡ Π½Π° Β«ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ΅Β», Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ
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