The Consequences of Fiscal Stimulus on Public Debt : A Historical Perspective

Peer reviewedPostprin

The health hazards of unemployment and poor education: the socioeconomic determinants of health duration in the European Union

The effect of socioeconomic status on the likelihood that an individual enters a period of poor health is examined using an Accelerated Failure Time methodology. This study employs data from the European Community Household Panel for the years 1994-2002 across 13 European countries, using the Physical and Mental Health Problems, Illnesses and Disabilities measure of physical health. Some socioeconomic status indicators do impact on the length of time an individual remains in good health – these being unemployment, which has a negative effect, and education, which has a positive effect – but others, such as income, have far less of an impact. Age and gender effects are also found.European Commission, Fifth Framework Programme “Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources” (contract number: QLRT-2001-02292)

Is unemployment and low income harmful to health? : Evidence from Britain

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors thank Ian McAvinchey for helpful comments. FUNDING This work was financially supported by the European Commission under the Fifth Framework Programme “Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources” [grant number QLRT-2001-02292].Peer reviewedPostprin

The SS-20: A Range of Choices

Winston Churchill\u27s often quoted observation that the Soviet Union is a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma would appear to have some validity even today. In any case the confrontational nature of relations between the United States and the Soviet Union make it prudent to follow the good advice of an even older strategist, Sun Tzu, that it is necessary to ...know one\u27s enemy if success is to be assured

Putin Chooses between a Series of Bad Options

Now that Vladimir Putin has chosen a path of escalation in his unnecessary war of aggression against Ukraine, it is imperative Western policymakers know the consequences and how he might escalate further. This article examines recent events on the battlefield; the implications of the announced annexation of territory, mobilization of forces, and threats to employ “all means” to defend Russian territory; the domestic ramifications and Russian thinking on “hybrid warfare”; and the possible weaponization of food and energy as Putin determines future escalatory steps. It will assist American and European leaders in determining policies to deal with the ongoing crisis at this moment and prepare for an uncertain future

Putin Chooses between a Series of Bad Options

Now that Vladimir Putin has chosen a path of escalation in his unnecessary war of aggression against Ukraine, it is imperative Western policymakers know the consequences and how he might escalate further. This article examines recent events on the battlefield; the implications of the announced annexation of territory, mobilization of forces, and threats to employ “all means” to defend Russian territory; the domestic ramifications and Russian thinking on “hybrid warfare”; and the possible weaponization of food and energy as Putin determines future escalatory steps. It will assist American and European leaders in determining policies to deal with the ongoing crisis at this moment and prepare for an uncertain future

Is Unemployment harmful to health? Evidence from Britain

This paper investigates the effects of unemployment on health in Britain. It examines the effects of socio-economic variables on the duration of spells of good health by using an accelerated failure time model. Two different measures of health are used, self-assessed health and mobility problems (an objective health index based on a modified 'activities of daily living' index). Furthermore, the paper analyses whether socio-economic effects on good health duration vary between males and females and between the older and younger workforce. The analysis takes into account the role of lifestyle factors. It is found that employment status, education and income have significant effects on the duration of spells of good health. Importantly, unemployment adversely affects the duration of spells of good health, and income exerts a significant positive effect