395 research outputs found
Outcomes of Childhood Aggression in Women
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/75752/1/j.1749-6632.1996.tb32553.x.pd
The relation of prosocial behavior to the development of aggression and psychopathology.
The development of prosocial behavior is traced from middle childhood to adulthood
in a 22-year longitudinal study of 800 children first seen at age 8 and is compared to
the development of aggression over the same period. Prosocial behavior and aggression
seem to represent opposite ends of a single dimension of behavior since they are
consistently negatively related to each other and relate in opposite ways to correlated
variables both synchronously and over time. Both are stable forms of behavior with
good predictability over the time span studied and both are related to the quality of
the parent-child relationship. The most important deterrent to the development of
antisocial behavior and the encouragement of prosocial behavior is probably a close
identification between the child and hidher parents.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/83382/1/1984.Eron&Huesmann.RelatofProsocBehavtotheDevelofAggn&Psychopath.AggBehav.pd
Probe similarity and recognition of set membership: A parallel processing serial feature matching model
A model for memory scanning is proposed in which the encoded representation of
a probe is compared in parallel with encoded representations of each item in the
positive set. The within item matches are serial feature by feature comparisons that
terminate when either a positive or negative criterion is reached. This model is
shown to predict the results of a probe similarity experiment. The serial location of
a similarity within an item affects negative reaction times, but the number of items
in the positive set to which the probe is similar has no main effect. The model is also
shown to yield predictions consonant with existing data on the relation between
reaction times and set size and speed-accuracy trade offs.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/83371/1/1976.Huesmann&Woocher.ProbeSimilarity&Recognition.CognitPsych.pd
A relaxationless demonstration of the Quantum Zeno Paradox on an individual atom
The driven evolution of the spin of an individual atomic ion on the
ground-state hyperfine resonance is impeded by the observation of the ion in
one of the pertaining eigenstates. Detection of resonantly scattered light
identifies the ion in its upper ``bright'' state. The lower ``dark'' ion state
is free of relaxation and correlated with the detector by a null signal. Null
events represent the straightforward demonstration of the quantum Zeno paradox.
Also, high probability of survival was demonstrated when the ion, driven by a
fractionated pulse, was probed {\em and monitored} during the
intermissions of the drive, such that the ion's evolution is completely
documented.Comment: 7 page
Growing Up Amid Ethno‐Political Conflict: Aggression and Emotional Desensitization Promote Hostility to Ethnic Outgroups
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134287/1/cdev12599.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134287/2/cdev12599_am.pd
Influence of Additives in Metalworking Fluids on the Wear Resistance of Steels
AbstractTheability of metalworking fluids (MWF) to cool and lubricate the contact zone between tool and workpiece is strongly dependent on the surface-active substances such as extreme pressure additives (EP) and passive extreme pressure additive (PEP) as well as the chemical surface properties of steel.Low alloyed steels and stainless steels were examined with a wear resistance test by applying MWF with defined varied concentrations of additivesfeaturing different properties e.g. regarding activity and molecular structure.The wear resistance was assessed and correlated with the chemical properties of the metals. Synergistic and antagonistic effects were obtained and will be discussed. The results gained from the experiments, clearly indicate, why the amount of the additives is less decisive for wear resistance than the relative ratio of polar and unpolar EP/PEP-additives.The optimal result furthermore depends on the chemical properties of the considered surfaces
Intellectual functioning and aggression
In a 22-year study, data were collected on aggressiveness and intellectual functioning in more than
600 subjects, their parents, and their children. Both aggression and intellectual functioning are reasonably
stable in a subject's lifetime and perpetuate themselves across generations and within marriage
pairs. Aggression in childhood was shown to interfere with the development of intellectual
functioning and to be predictive of poorer intellectual achievement as an adult. Early 1Q was related
to early subject aggression but did not predict changes in aggression after age 8. On the other hand,
differences between early IQ and intellectual achievement in middle adulthood were predictable
from early aggressive behavior. A dual-process model was offered to explain the relation between
intellectual functioning and aggressive behavior. We hypothesized that low intelligence makes the
learning of aggressive responses more likely at an early age, and this aggressive behavior makes continued
intellectual development more difficult.The research described here was supported by Grant MH-34410 to
Leonard D. Eron and MH-38683 to L. Rowell Huesmann from the
National Institute of Mental Health.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/83384/1/1987.Huesmann_etal.IntellectualFuncning&Aggr.JourofPersonality&SociPsych.pd
Mitigating the imitation of aggressive behaviors by changing children's attitudes about media violence.
A sample of 169 first- and third-grade children, selected because of their high
exposure to television violence, was randomly divided into an experimental and a control group. Over the course of 2 years, the experimental subjects were exposed
to two treatments designed to reduce the likelihood of their imitating the
aggressive behaviors they observed on TV. The control group received comparable
neutral treatments. By the end of the second year, the experimental subjects were
rated as significantly less aggressive by their peers, and the relation between violence viewing and aggressiveness was diminished in the experimental group.This research was supported in part by grants MH-28280 and MH-31886 from the National Institute of Mental Health.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/83377/1/1983.Huesmann_etal.MitigatingtheImitatofAggressBehavbyChangingChildren's.JourofPersonality&SocialPsych.pd
- …