Influence on polarization of samples polivinilchloride engine oil components

It has been studied how semi-synthetic motor oil affects the polarization of polyvinyl chloride samples. It has been defined that the oil components influence the process of polyvinyl chloride polarization. We have showed that the input and exhaust motor oil contains polar components which bring to the density growth of the polyvinyl chloride charge being guided by the electric field direction. The injected charges initiate a chemical interaction of oil components. The water higher rate containing in the exhaust oil is reflected in the parameters of charge density of the samples, as well as of the activation energy of the electrically active defects

Neutron scattering investigations of the lipid bilayer structure pressure dependence

Lipid bilayer structure investigation results obtained with small angle neutron scattering method at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research IBR-2M nuclear reactor (Dubna, Russia) are presented. Experiment has been per-formed with small angle neutron scattering spectrometer YuMO, upgraded with the apparatus for performing P-V-T measurements on the substance under investigation. D2O-1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) liquid system, presenting the model of natural live membrane, has been taken as the sample for investiga-tions. The lipid bilayer spatial period was measured in experiment along with isothermal compressibility simulta-neously at different pressures. It has been shown, that the bilayer structural transition from ripple (wavelike gel-phase) phase to liquid-crystal phase is accompanied with anomalous rise of isothermal compressibility, indicat-ing occurrence of the phase transition

Revealing the structure of composite nanodiamond–graphene oxide aqueous dispersions by small-angle scattering

The work presents the results of studying the structure of binary liquid nanocarbon systems obtained by mixing hydrosol of detonation nanodiamond and aqueous dispersions of single layer graphene oxide flakes. We studied size and space distribution of nanocarbon clusters formed upon interaction of the components in aqueous media by mutually complement methods of small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering. The formation of small secondary agglomerates of nanodiamond particles on the surface of graphene oxide flakes was concluded and supported by the data of transmission electron microscopy from dried samples. The observed effect can significantly modify the structure of nanocarbon composites formed of nanodiamond and graphene oxide. The structural features of binary dispersions detonation nanodiamond–graphene oxide should be taken into account at the preparation of the conductive composites of reduced graphene oxide for energy storage systems

Mirror proteorhodopsins

Abstract Proteorhodopsins (PRs), bacterial light-driven outward proton pumps comprise the first discovered and largest family of rhodopsins, they play a significant role in life on the Earth. A big remaining mystery was that up-to-date there was no described bacterial rhodopsins pumping protons at acidic pH despite the fact that bacteria live in different pH environment. Here we describe conceptually new bacterial rhodopsins which are operating as outward proton pumps at acidic pH. A comprehensive function-structure study of a representative of a new clade of proton pumping rhodopsins which we name “mirror proteorhodopsins”, from Sphingomonas paucimobilis (SpaR) shows cavity/gate architecture of the proton translocation pathway rather resembling channelrhodopsins than the known rhodopsin proton pumps. Another unique property of mirror proteorhodopsins is that proton pumping is inhibited by a millimolar concentration of zinc. We also show that mirror proteorhodopsins are extensively represented in opportunistic multidrug resistant human pathogens, plant growth-promoting and zinc solubilizing bacteria. They may be of optogenetic interest