LAND MARKET: REALITIES OF UKRAINE AND EXPERIENCE OF POLAND

Agricultural lands are an indispensable resource for ensuring food security in Ukraine. Ukraine is on the path of reforming land relations and forming a market for agricultural land. Since Poland is close to Ukraine in terms of climatic conditions and land use, its experience had been taken into account. The purpose of the article is to form the process of the agricultural land market in Ukraine based on the experience of Poland. To study the research problems, comparative methods of research and observation have been used, as well as methods of synthesis, analysis and abstract logical approaches to the search, justification and determination of periods of development of land relations in Ukraine and Poland. The article discusses the approaches of scientists to determining the essence of the “land market”, outlines the conditions for the development of the land market in European countries (Holland, Switzerland, Austria, Germany, Great Britain, Scotland, Spain, Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, and Estonia). The periods of development of the land market in Poland and Ukraine have been highlighted. An analytical assessment of the market for the purchase and sale of agricultural land in the regions of Ukraine has been carried out (indicating the number of transactions completed and the total area of land plots). Comparative information on the cost of land in the European Union countries has been provided. The authors’ vision of the process of forming the agricultural land market in Ukraine is summarized, highlighting: I - Legal regulation; II - The step-by-step process of implementing the reform in accordance with the legislative framework, features of the implementation of land reform under martial law; III - Implementation of the land market using a transparent system through the Application (Unified portal of public services) Action; VI – State control over available agricultural lands and their legal structure; V – Conducting an expert assessment of land plots and/or determining their regulatory assessment; VI – State control over available agricultural lands and their legal structure; VII - Constant monitoring of the functional use of agricultural land

ACUTE PANCREATITIS, DIAGNOSTICS AND PROGNOSIS

Purpose: to study the levels of lactoferrin (LF) and macroglobulin (MG) in the serum of patients with acute pancreatitis depending on the severity of inflammation and prediction of disease outcome.Materials and methods: 93 patients were observed with various forms of acute pancreatitis in the serum of them in the dynamics by radial immunodiffusion method there were investigated the concentration of MG and ELISA - the level of LF.Results: there was an increase in the level of WBF patients depending on various forms of acute pancreatitis and severity of inflammation and clear tendency to decrease with increasing level of MG severity in pancreatitis DIF sequence, SP, IP.Summary: In patients with acute pancreatitis there was a high concentration and low level of LF - MG which may indicate serious destructive processes in the pancreas. Following the treatment the level of LF decreases and MG - rises to normal which is an important diagnostic criterion for assessing the severity of the inflammatory process and the effectiveness of treatment for this disease. Considering these, indexes of LF and MG can be included into the standard of diagnostics and monitoring of treatment in various forms of acute pancreatitis

Specific Evolution of F1-Like ATPases in Mycoplasmas

F1F0 ATPases have been identified in most bacteria, including mycoplasmas which have very small genomes associated with a host-dependent lifestyle. In addition to the typical operon of eight genes encoding genuine F1F0 ATPase (Type 1), we identified related clusters of seven genes in many mycoplasma species. Four of the encoded proteins have predicted structures similar to the α, β, γ and ε subunits of F1 ATPases and could form an F1-like ATPase. The other three proteins display no similarity to any other known proteins. Two of these proteins are probably located in the membrane, as they have three and twelve predicted transmembrane helices. Phylogenomic studies identified two types of F1-like ATPase clusters, Type 2 and Type 3, characterized by a rapid evolution of sequences with the conservation of structural features. Clusters encoding Type 2 and Type 3 ATPases were assumed to originate from the Hominis group of mycoplasmas. We suggest that Type 3 ATPase clusters may spread to other phylogenetic groups by horizontal gene transfer between mycoplasmas in the same host, based on phylogeny and genomic context. Functional analyses in the ruminant pathogen Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides showed that the Type 3 cluster genes were organized into an operon. Proteomic analyses demonstrated that the seven encoded proteins were produced during growth in axenic media. Mutagenesis and complementation studies demonstrated an association of the Type 3 cluster with a major ATPase activity of membrane fractions. Thus, despite their tendency toward genome reduction, mycoplasmas have evolved and exchanged specific F1-like ATPases with no known equivalent in other bacteria. We propose a model, in which the F1-like structure is associated with a hypothetical X0 sector located in the membrane of mycoplasma cells

Natural pH Gradients in Hydrothermal Alkali Vents Were Unlikely to Have Played a Role in the Origin of Life

The hypothesis that a natural pH gradient across inorganic membranes lying between the ocean and fluid issuing from hydrothermal alkali vents provided energy to drive chemical reactions during the origin of life has an attractive parallel with chemiosmotic ATP synthesis in present-day organisms. However, arguments raised in this review suggest that such natural pH gradients are unlikely to have played a part in life’s origin. There is as yet no evidence for thin inorganic membranes holding sharp pH gradients in modern hydrothermal alkali vents at Lost City near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Proposed models of non-protein forms of the H+-pyrophosphate synthase that could have functioned as a molecular machine utilizing the energy of a natural pH gradient are unsatisfactory. Some hypothetical designs of non-protein motors utilizing a natural pH gradient to drive redox reactions are plausible but complex, and such motors are deemed unlikely to have assembled by chance in prebiotic times. Small molecular motors comprising a few hundred atoms would have been unable to function in the relatively thick (>1 μm) inorganic membranes that have hitherto been used as descriptive models for the natural pH gradient hypothesis. Alternative hypotheses for the evolution of chemiosmotic systems following the emergence of error-prone gene replication and translation are more likely to be correct

International tourism: the state and prospects for development

Діброва О. Д. Міжнародний туризм: стан та перспективи розвитку: бакалаврська робота / О. Д. Діброва – Запоріжжя: НУ «Запорізька політехніка», 2024. – 80 с.UK: У кваліфікаційній роботі узагальнено теоретичні засади виникнення, основні етапи розвитку, основні види та форми міжнародного туризму в країнах світу; досліджено сучасного стану міжнародного туризму; визначено перспективи розвитку міжнародного туризму у світі і Україні на основі аналізу проблем глобального середовища. EN: The qualification work summarizes the theoretical foundations of the emergence, the main stages of development, the main types and forms of international tourism in the countries of the world; the current state of international tourism was investigated; prospects for the development of international tourism in the world and in Ukraine are determined based on the analysis of the problems of the global environment

International tourism: status and development prospects

Цвілий С. М. Міжнародний туризм: стан та перспективи розвитку / С. М. Цвілий, О. Д. Діброва // Тиждень науки-2024. Факультет міжнародного туризму та економіки. Тези доповідей науково-практичної конференції, Запоріжжя, 15-19 квітня 2024 р. / Редкол. : Вадим Шаломєєв (відпов. ред.) Електрон. дані. – Запоріжжя : НУ «Запорізька політехніка», 2024. – С. 106-108