Children’s Peer Victimization and Internalizing Symptoms: The Role of Inhibitory Control and Perceived Positive Peer Relationships

Peer victimization is a well-established risk factor for children’s internalizing problems. We longitudinally examined the moderating role of children’s early perceptions of positive peer relationships and inhibitory control on the association between peer victimization at age 6 and internalizing symptoms at age 10. Perceptions of peer relationships and inhibitory control were assessed via child interviews and behavioral tasks when children were 5 years old (n = 205, 51% female). Peer victimization was assessed via sociometric peer nominations. Internalizing symptoms were assessed via maternal report at age 10. Results indicated that, for children who perceived fewer positive peer relationships at age 5, higher rates of peer victimization at age 6 were associated with more internalizing problems at age 10. This pattern was also found for children with lower inhibitory control. Findings highlight that children’s early individual difference factors should be considered when conceptualizing risk for internalizing symptoms posed by peer victimization

Compliance with iron and folic acid supplementation and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Anaemia is one of the world’s leading cause of disability and the most serious global health issues. Globally about 38% (32 million) pregnant women are anaemic, from which 46.3% (9.2 million) are in Africa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Works of articles from PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar journal data-base were considered. Entirely articles allied to compliance and determinants of AFA supplementation were captured. The authors used modified Newcastle-Ottawa quality appraisal rule for cross-sectional works to assess the excellence of the studies for consideration and, tracked preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guideline. The pooled effect size was calculated with the review manager and compressive meta-analysis software.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Eighteen studies with a total of 6649 pregnant women were included for analysis. Compliance of IFA supplementation in pregnancy in Ethiopia was 46.1%. Women who had experienced counselling on IFAS were 1.16 times, OR:1.16, (95% CI, 0.54, 2.50), knowledge on IFAS were 3.20 times, OR:3.20, (95% CI, 1.31, 7.85), knowledge of anaemia were five times OR:5.10, (95% CI, 1.87, 13.94), fourth visit for ANC were 1.58 times OR:1.58, (95% CI, 0.59, 3.42) and early registration for ANC were three times OR: 3.19, (95% CI, 0.77, 13.26) more likely to have compliance with IFAS compared to their counterpart.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;: There is low compliance of IFAS in different parts of Ethiopia. Lack of counselling on IFAS, knowledge of IFAS and anaemia, no fourth visit for ANC and timing in ANC registration were factors that hinder compliance of IFAS.&lt;/p&gt;</jats:p