The Methods to Improve Quality of Service by Accounting Secure Parameters

A solution to the problem of ensuring quality of service, providing a greater number of services with higher efficiency taking into account network security is proposed. In this paper, experiments were conducted to analyze the effect of self-similarity and attacks on the quality of service parameters. Method of buffering and control of channel capacity and calculating of routing cost method in the network, which take into account the parameters of traffic multifractality and the probability of detecting attacks in telecommunications networks were proposed. The both proposed methods accounting the given restrictions on the delay time and the number of lost packets for every type quality of service traffic. During simulation the parameters of transmitted traffic (self-similarity, intensity) and the parameters of network (current channel load, node buffer size) were changed and the maximum allowable load of network was determined. The results of analysis show that occurrence of overload when transmitting traffic over a switched channel associated with multifractal traffic characteristics and presence of attack. It was shown that proposed methods can reduce the lost data and improve the efficiency of network resources.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure, 1 equation, 1 table. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1904.0520

Trauma Team Activation for Geriatric Trauma at a Level II Trauma Center: Are the Elderly Under-triaged?

Abstract Geriatric patients often sustain life-threatening injuries from minor trauma. A growing body of research suggests that these patients are often under-triaged in the emergency setting.The purpose of this research was to evaluate whether or not geriatric trauma patients are under-triaged at a community based level II trauma center. 1434 trauma patients over the age of 65 presenting from 2010-2015 were retrospectively reviewed from the Cabell Huntington Hospital trauma registry and analyzed for age, gender, arrival type, ED response, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), injury cause, ICD-9 diagnosis codes, and mortality. Under-triage and over-triage rates were determined using the Cribari method (under-triage = ISS ≥ 16 without full trauma team activation [TTA]; Over-triage = ISS ≤ 15 with full TTA). The under-triage rate was 9.5% (132/1393) with the majority of under-triaged patients having head trauma (n=423). There were 371 head trauma patients with a recorded GCS and analysis shows those with a GCS ≥ 13 had a 1.2% mortality risk (n=326; ISS 10.2), but that risk drastically increases to 60% with GSC ≤ 12 (n=45; ISS 21.5). Of the 45 patients with GSC ≤ 12, only 4% had priority 1 TTA using the current protocol (2/45). The American College of Surgeons-Committee of Trauma (ACS-COT) recommends an acceptable under-triage rate of \u3c 5%. In order to improve geriatric care and reduce under-triage rates, we recommend that an age-based criteria be added to our TTA protocol at our community based Level II trauma center: priority 1 TTA for all patients 65 years or older sustaining head trauma with a GCS ≤ 12 or suspicion of intracranial hemorrhage

Objective classification of fabric pilling based on the two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform

A number of methods for automated objective ratings of fabric pilling based on image analysis are described in the literature. The periodic structure of fabrics makes them suitable candidates for frequency domain analysis. We propose a new method of frequency domain analysis based on the two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform to objectively measure pilling intensity in sample images. We present a preliminary evaluation of the proposed method based on analysis of two series of standard pilling evaluation test images. The initial results suggest that the proposed method is feasible, and that the ability of the method to discriminate between levels of pilling intensity depends on the wavelet analysis scale being closely matched to the fabric interyarn pitch. We also present a heuristic method for optimal selection of an analysis wavelet and associated analysis scale. <br /

Trauma Team Activation for Geriatric Trauma at a Level II Trauma Center: Are the Elderly Under-triaged?

Geriatric patients often sustain life-threatening injuries from minor trauma. A growing body of research suggests that these patients are often under-triaged in the emergency setting.The purpose of this research was to evaluate whether or not geriatric trauma patients are under-triaged at a community based level II trauma center. 1434 trauma patients over the age of 65 presenting from 2010-2015 were retrospectively reviewed from the Cabell Huntington Hospital trauma registry and analyzed for age, gender, arrival type, ED response, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), injury cause, ICD-9 diagnosis codes, and mortality. Under-triage and over-triage rates were determined using the Cribari method (under-triage = ISS ≥ 16 without full trauma team activation [TTA]; Over-triage = ISS ≤ 15 with full TTA). The under-triage rate was 9.5% (132/1393) with the majority of under-triaged patients having head trauma (n=423). There were 371 head trauma patients with a recorded GCS and analysis shows those with a GCS ≥ 13 had a 1.2% mortality risk (n=326; ISS 10.2), but that risk drastically increases to 60% with GSC ≤ 12 (n=45; ISS 21.5). Of the 45 patients with GSC ≤ 12, only 4% had priority 1 TTA using the current protocol (2/45). The American College of Surgeons-Committee of Trauma (ACS-COT) recommends an acceptable under-triage rate of < 5%. In order to improve geriatric care and reduce under-triage rates, we recommend that an age-based criteria be added to our TTA protocol at our community based Level II trauma center: priority 1 TTA for all patients 65 years or older sustaining head trauma with a GCS ≤ 12 or suspicion of intracranial hemorrhage

Objective surface evaluation of fiber reinforced polymer composites

The mechanical properties of advanced composites are essential for their structural performance, but the surface finish on exterior composite panels is of critical importance for customer satisfaction. This paper describes the application of wavelet texture analysis (WTA) to the task of automatically classifying the surface finish properties of two fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite construction types (clear resin and gel-coat) into three quality grades. Samples were imaged and wavelet multi-scale decomposition was used to create a visual texture representation of the sample, capturing image features at different scales and orientations. Principal components analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of the texture feature vector, permitting successful classification of the samples using only the first principal component. This work extends and further validates the feasibility of this approach as the basis for automated non-contact classification of composite surface finish using image analysis.<br /

The use of gamma-irradiation and ultraviolet-irradiation in the preparation of human melanoma cells for use in autologous whole-cell vaccines

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Human cancer vaccines incorporating autologous tumor cells carry a risk of implantation and subsequent metastasis of viable tumor cells into the patient who is being treated. Despite the fact that the melanoma cell preparations used in a recent vaccine trial (Mel37) were gamma-irradiated (200 Gy), approximately 25% of the preparations failed quality control release criteria which required that the irradiated cells incorporate ³H-thymidine at no more than 5% the level seen in the non-irradiated cells. We have, therefore, investigated ultraviolet (UV)-irradiation as a possible adjunct to, or replacement for gamma-irradiation.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Melanoma cells were gamma- and/or UV-irradiated. ³H-thymidine uptake was used to assess proliferation of the treated and untreated cells. Caspase-3 activity and DNA fragmentation were measured as indicators of apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis was used to assess antigen expression.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>UV-irradiation, either alone or in combination with gamma-irradiation, proved to be extremely effective in controlling the proliferation of melanoma cells. In contrast to gamma-irradiation, UV-irradiation was also capable of inducing significant levels of apoptosis. UV-irradiation, but not gamma-irradiation, was associated with the loss of tyrosinase expression. Neither form of radiation affected the expression of gp100, MART-1/MelanA, or S100.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results indicate that UV-irradiation may increase the safety of autologous melanoma vaccines, although it may do so at the expense of altering the antigenic profile of the irradiated tumor cells.</p