Vagueness and Quantification

This paper deals with the question of what it is for a quantifier expression to be vague. First it draws a distinction between two senses in which quantifier expressions may be said to be vague, and provides an account of the distinction which rests on independently grounded assumptions. Then it suggests that, if some further assumptions are granted, the difference between the two senses considered can be represented at the formal level. Finally, it outlines some implications of the account provided which bear on three debated issues concerning quantification

Using SDRT to analyze pathological conversations. Logicality, rationality and pragmatic deviances

International audienceSchizophrenia is well-known among mental illnesses for the severity of the thought dis- orders it involves, and for their widespread and spectacular manifestations ranging from deviant social behavior to delusion, not to mention affective and sensory distortions. Confronted with such a pathological con- versation, any "ordinary" speaker intuitively feels that there are some incoherencies or discontinuities. The aim of this research is to account for these using both pragmatics and formal semantics. Linguistics, especially semantics and pragmatics, is thus central to this work

Insect Immunity: From Systemic to Chemosensory Organs Protection

Insects are confronted to a wide range of infectious microorganisms. Tissues in direct contact with the environment, such as olfactory organs, are particularly exposed to pathogens. We review here the immune mechanisms operating in insects to control infections. Experiments conducted on the model organism Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) have provided genetic evidence that insects rely on both cellular and humoral mechanisms to control infections. Once epithelial barriers have been breached, circulating or membrane-associated innate immunity receptors trigger signaling in the fat body and lead to secretion of high concentrations of antimicrobial peptides active on fungi and bacteria in the hemolymph. This induced response involves the evolutionarily conserved Toll and immune deficiency (IMD) signaling pathways, which promote nuclear translocation of transcription factors of the NF-κB family. In addition, different subsets of differentiated blood cells or hemocytes can neutralize bacteria, fungi or parasites by phagocytosis, production of microbicidal compounds, or encapsulation. An alternative to mount costly immune responses is to sense pathogens through chemosensory cues and avoid them. Interestingly, some families of molecules, including the Toll receptors, participate in both olfaction and immunity.Online ISBN 978-3-030-05165-

M. de Bonnay remplace M d'André à la présidence de l'Assemblée, lors de la séance du 4 aout 1790

André Antoine Balthazar d', Bonnay Charles François, marquis de. M. de Bonnay remplace M d'André à la présidence de l'Assemblée, lors de la séance du 4 aout 1790. In: Archives Parlementaires de 1787 à 1860 - Première série (1787-1799) Tome XVII - Du 9 juillet au 12 aout 1790. Paris : Librairie Administrative P. Dupont, 1884. p. 607