Capacitive actuation and switching of addâ\u80\u93drop graphene-silicon micro-ring filters

We propose and experimentally demonstrate capacitive actuation of a grapheneâ\u80\u93silicon micro-ring add/drop filter. The mechanism is based on a siliconâ\u80\u93SiO2â\u80\u93graphene capacitor on top of the ring waveguide. We show the capacitive actuation of the add/drop functionality by a voltage-driven change of the graphene optical absorption. The proposed capacitive solution overcomes the need for continuous heating to keep tuned the filterâ\u80\u99s in/out resonance and therefore eliminates â\u80\u9cin operationâ\u80\u9d energy consumption

Impact of preventable risk factors on stroke in the EPICOR study: does gender matter?

Objectives: The effect of modifiable stroke risk factors in terms of prevented cases remains unclear due to sex-specific disease rate and risk factors prevalence. Our aim was to estimate their impact on stroke by gender through population-attributable fraction (PAF), preventive fraction (PF) and their combination in EPIC-Italian cohort. Methods: 43,976 participants, age 34â\u80\u9375, and free of cardiovascular disease at baseline (1993â\u80\u931998) were followed up for almost 11 years. Adjusted hazard ratios and PAF were estimated using Cox models. Results: We identified 386 cases. In males, the burden for stroke was 17% (95% CI 4â\u80\u9328%) for smoking and 14% (95% CI 5â\u80\u9322%) for alcohol consumption. In females, hypertension was carrying the biggest burden with 18% (95% CI 9â\u80\u9326%) followed by smoking 15% (95% CI 7â\u80\u9322%). Their combination was 46% (95% CI 32â\u80\u9358%) in males and 48% (95% CI 35â\u80\u9359%) in females. PF for current smokers was gender unequal [males 21% (95% CI 15â\u80\u9327%) females 9% (95% CI 1â\u80\u9317%)]. Conclusions: Half of strokes are attributable to potentially modifiable factors. The proportion of prevented cases is gender unbalanced, encouraging sex-specific intervention