Caracterizaci?n sociodemogr?fica, nutricional y cl?nica de los casos de desnutrici?n aguda moderada y severa en ni?os y ni?as menores de 5 a?os , en el departamento del Tolima para el a?o 2016

150 p. Recurso Electr?nicoIntroducci?n: la desnutrici?n aguda genera efectos para la salud en la primera infancia, encontr?ndose ligada al crecimiento y desarrollo. El Tolima ha reportado 16 casos a la semana epidemiol?gica 9 del 2016. (6) Objetivo: describir las caracter?sticas sociodemogr?ficas, nutricionales y cl?nicas en menores de 5 a?os con desnutrici?n aguda moderada y severa en el Tolima, enero a diciembre de 2016. Dise?os y m?todos: se realiz? un estudio descriptivo con informaci?n reportada al SIVIGILA en el Tolima durante el 2016. Utilizando fuentes de datos secundarias, analizadas con programas Excel y SPSS versi?n 22. Resultados: De 565 datos, se depuraron y aceptaron 233 datos, encontr?ndose (65,2%) desnutrici?n aguda moderada y severa (34,8%). Mayor frecuencia sexo masculino (53,2%), (57,1%) en cabecera municipal, r?gimen subsidiado (87,3%), el (96,6%) pertenecen a otros grupos poblacionales y la pertenencia ?tnica m?s reportada fueron ind?genas (8,6%). Para las variables sociodemogr?ficas de los cuidadores se hall? que en m?s del 90% son mujeres, superan los 18 a?os (94,4%), el (48,1%) tienen nivel de escolaridad primaria y estrato socioecon?mico 1 (80,2%). Los ni?os con nacimiento a t?rmino presentaron deficiente peso al nacer (32,9%), los que nacieron a pret?rmino evidenciaron bajo peso al nacer (5%). El (92%) inscritos al programa de control de crecimiento y desarrollo y (87,6%) esquema de vacunaci?n completo. Se present? una mayor incidencia en la desnutrici?n aguda moderada, el sexo masculino y los municipios de Guamo y Flandes. Los signos cl?nicos en desnutrici?n aguda moderada son (24,9%) delgadez visible, anemia (15%), lesiones de cabello (7,3%) e hiperpigmentaci?n (6,4%), y en la desnutrici?n aguda severa la piel reseca (9,4%). Palabras claves: Desnutrici?n aguda.Introduction: Acute malnutrition generates health effects in early childhood, being linked to growth and development. Tolima has reported 16 cases in the 9th epidemiological week of 2016. (6) Objective: To describe the socio-demographic, nutritional and clinical characteristics in children under 5 years of age with moderate and severe acute malnutrition in Tolima, from January to December, 2016. Design and Methods: A descriptive study was carried out with information reported to SIVIGILA in Tolima during 2016. Using secondary data sources, analyzed with Excel and SPSS programs, version 22. Results: From 565 data, 233 data were depurated and accepted, finding (65.2%) moderate acute malnutrition and (34.8%) severe malnutrition. The highest frequency was males (53.2%), (57.1%) in the main town of the municipality, subsidized regime (87.3%), (96.6%) belong to other population groups. The most reported ethnic group was indigenous population (8.6%). For the socio-demographic variables of caregivers, it was found that over 90% are women who exceed 18 years of age (94.4%); (48.1%) have primary education level and (80.2 %) socioeconomic stratum 1. Children born to term with low birth weight (32.9%); and those born to preterm with low birth weight (5%). (92%) of those enrolled in the growth and development control program, (87.6%) complete vaccination scheme. There was a greater incidence in moderate acute malnutrition, in male, in the municipalities of Guamo and Flandes. The clinical signs of moderate acute malnutrition are visible thinness (24.9%), anemia (15%), hair injuries (7.3%) and hyperpigmentation (6.4%), and in severe acute malnutrition, dry skin (9.4%). Keywords: Acute malnutrition